Turkish-English Vocabulary

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A B C Ç D E F G Ğ H I İ J K L M N O Ö P R S Ş T U Ü V Y Z

This vocabulary of approximately 2,000 words includes all the essential words in Almanyadan Gelecek Mektup, all common in Turkish spoken today. 

Alphabetical Order of Headwords and Subentries

Headwords and subentries appear in alphabetical order word-by-word rather than letter-by-letter. Thus akşam vakti precedes akşama; kapı vurul– precedes kapıdan çık–; söz ver– precedes sözden dön–.

The Form of Headwords

Headwords appear in the form they have in the novel. Where multiple forms occur, they are shown separated by a slash (meaning “or”), with the most frequently occurring form first. This is often a matter of word division: her gün / hergün.

The form of headwords in this novel may differ from their form elsewhere. For example, this novel has zerafet, but the more common form, as noted in the Redhouse Turkish-English Dictionary (2000), is zarafet. In some cases word division is different, e.g. öte beri in the novel, öteberi in Redhouse. 

Verbs are entered by their stems, with the final -mak / -mek replaced by a dash in bold (). In the corresponding English verbs, a dash (–) stands for “to.” Thus aramak appears as follows: ara– 1. – look for, seek, look up. 2. – ask for, call (on telephone). The dash distinguishes the verb from the noun ara

Placement of Entries and Subentries

Expressions written as two or more words, such as phrases, compounds, idioms, sayings and proverbs, appear as subentries under the word with which they begin. Thus adet yerini bulsun appears under adet; anlam ver– appears under anlam; apartman dairesi appears under apartman. 

Also appearing as subentries are single words beginning with the same word or element as the headword and semantically related to it, alphabetical order permitting. Thus adamcağız (1. poor man. 2. dear man) is a subentry under adam (man).

If alphabetical order does not permit, related words appear below as a main entry. Thus the word ölü (dead person) derived from öl– (to die), is not a subentry under öl– but a main entry because the word ölçü (measure) comes alphabetically between the two items. In accord with this principle of subordination, passive and causative verbs often appear under the active form. Thus asıl– (– hang, to be hung) appears as a subentry under as– /A/ (– hang sth /to/on/). This system calls the reader’s attention to related words and word composition. 

The Aorist Form of Verbs 

Verbs with unpredictable aorist tense forms are followed by an abbreviation of the form, e.g. al–, —ır. Here —ır stands for the aorist tense alır. In this we follow the practice of Redhouse (2000). For the rules governing the formation of the aorist tense, see Göksel and Kerslake (2005) or Lewis (2000).

Pronunciation of Headwords

Noun headwords not stressed on the final syllable or including long vowels are followed in parentheses by an indication of syllable stress and length. A dot (.) stands for a short syllable, a hyphen (-) for a long one. An accented syllable has an accent mark () after and slightly above it, e.g. acaba (.’..), acaip (.-.), Aferin (-‘..). These markings reflect the sounds of current spoken Turkish. 

Within a noun, the apostrophe indicates a glottal stop: neş’e (this is the only instance in this novel).

Noun Headwords with Irregularly Inflected Final Letters or Syllables 

Such nouns are followed by an abbreviation of their accusative case forms: adet, -ti. Here -ti stands for adeti. Similarly: ağız, -ğzı (for ağzı); kalp, -bi (for kalbi). This information is included because, even if these forms do not occur in this novel, they may be needed for exercises based on its vocabulary.  

Cases Headwords Require

Case suffixes that a headword requires appear between slashes. Upper-case letters represent sounds that vary according to the rules of vowel or consonant harmony. Lower-case letters represent those that do not vary. 

/A/ indicates the dative case, usually translated as “to.” The standard linguistic abbreviation –(y)A represents –(y)a/–(y)e

/DA/ indicates the locative case, usually translated as “at,” “in,” or “on.” The standard linguistic abbreviation –DA represents –da/–de/–ta/–te

/DAn/ indicates the ablative case, usually translated as “from.” The standard linguistic abbreviation –DAn represents –dan/–den/–tan/–ten

/I/ indicates the accusative case, often translated as “the.” The standard linguistic abbreviation –(y)I represents –(y)ı/–(y)i/–(y)u/–(y)ü

The corresponding English equivalents, mostly prepositions, also appear between slashes. If the equivalent translation is one that is less commonly anticipated, that is, when, for example, /A/ is not translated as “to,” that equivalent appears in capital letters. If there is no separate equivalent, /Ø/ usually appears. Thus: ait (-.) /A/ 1. relating /to/, concerning /Ø/. 2. belonging /to/; and alış veriş et– /DAn/ – do business /with/. 

Where one case suffix may have more than one English equivalent, the equivalents appear separated by slashes signifying “or”: at– /A/ 1. – throw /AT/ON/IN/. 

Where either one of two case suffixes may be appropriate for any one of the English equivalents shown, both case suffixes appear separated by a slash, meaning “or”: alın– /A/DAn/ – take offense /AT/, – be offended /BY/. 

Where multiple suffixes in a certain sequence have equivalents in the same sequence, the suffixes in Turkish and the English equivalents are separated by a comma: çek– 1. /DAn, A/ – pull /from, to/.

The accusative suffix is shown in a headword unit only where readers might have difficulty with its use. Thus it appears in the following, where experience has shown that readers tend to expect the dative case, /A/, rather than the accusative: bekle– /I/ 1. – wait /for/. 2. – expect.

Postpositions and Other Elements Associated with Headwords

Slashes also enclose postpositions and phrases that commonly occur with the headword. 

/lA/ represents the postposition ile, attached form -(y)lA, usually translated as “with.” The standard linguistic abbreviation -(y)lA/ile represents -(y)la/-(y)le/ile; for example: alay et– /lA/ – joke, kid, make fun /OF/. 

An example with a case suffix and an additional element is ilerle– /DAn, A doğru/ – move forward /from, toward/, /A doğru/ head /for/, /A doğru/ make one’s way /toward/, advance.

Treatment of Place Names

Turkish place names appear in the translation because they can easily be accessed in this form on the Internet. This vocabulary provides only enough information about each place to indicate its relevance to this novel. 

Definitions

Definitions are limited to those relevant to this novel. Where there are alternative definitions, they are usually in order from most common to least common as they are found in the language in general. 

Cross-references to Other Entries

An arrow at the end of an entry () directs the reader to other entries that include the original headword in other than initial position. These items are arranged alphabetically.

Abbreviations

adj. adjective

adv. adverb

colloq. colloquial

e.g. for example

fig. figurative

i.e. that is

Islam. Islamic

lit. literally

phil. philosophical

prov. provenance

sb somebody

sth something

vulg. vulgar

Works Cited

Göksel, Aslı, and Celia Kerslake. 2005. Turkish: A Comprehensive Grammar. London and New York: Routledge. 

Lewis, G. L. 2000. Turkish Grammar. 2nd ed. Oxford: Clarendon Press. 

The Redhouse Turkish-English Dictionary. 2000. Istanbul: SEV Matbaacılık ve Yayıncılık Eğitim Tic. A.Ş. 

Turkish-English Vocabulary

Top A B C Ç D E F G Ğ H I İ J K L M N O Ö P R S Ş T U Ü V Y Z

A

A Oh (an expression of surprise).


Aa Oh! Oh for goodness sake!

abi (-.) abi, colloq. for ağabey elder brother, older brother (widely used in addressing a man a little older than oneself and, like the form bey, when used with a name, it follows the first name).

abla (.’.) 1. older sister. 2. abla, ma’am (widely used as a respectful address for a woman; like the form hanım, it follows the first name).

acaba (.’..) I wonder.

acaip (.-.) 1. strange, out of place. 2. strangely.

acele 1. haste. 2. immediate, urgent.

acele et– – be in a hurry, hurry off.

acı 1. pain, sorrow, grief. 2. bitter, painful.

acı– /A/ – pity /Ø/ sb, feel sorry /for/ sb, – pity /for/ sb’s condition.

acık– – get hungry, become hungry, be hungry.

acıma pity.

acıma hissi a feeling of pity.

acın– /A/ – be pitied /FOR/.

acınacak pitiable.

hungry.

aç– 1. – open. 2. – unpack. 3. – bring up (a subject, a matter). 4. – open to (lit. – open) a page. 5. – cause (problems for). → konu aç–, mesele aç–, mevzu aç–.

açıcı sth that opens, opener. → iç açıcı.

açık 1. open. 2. successful, promising.

açıkça (..’.) openly, frankly.

açıl– 1. – open, come open (door). 2. – open up, reveal one’s thoughts or feelings. 3. – become loosened (tongue from drink). 4. – have a falling out /with/. → arası açıl–, çenesi açıl.

ad name.

adam man.

adamcağız 1. poor man. 2. dear man.

adet, -ti (-.) custom.

adet yerini bulsun in honor of the occasion (lit. let a custom find its place).

adım step.

adım at– – take a step. → yanlış adım at–.

adres address.

Aferin. (-‘..) Good for you! Bravo!

affet– (.’.) – forgive.

Affedersiniz. I’m sorry. I beg your pardon.

afiyet, -ti (-..) good health.

Afiyet olsun. Enjoy! Bon appétit!

ağabey elder brother, older brother (widely used to address a man a little older than oneself and, like the form bey, when used with a name, it follows the first name).

ağar– – grow light at dawn.

ağır 1. hard, difficult. 2. slowly. 3. serious.

ağır ağır slowly.

ağır başlı serious.

ağız, -ğzı 1. mouth. 2. fig. opinion.

ağzını ara– – sound out, seek sb’s opinion (lit. – seek sb’s mouth).

ağla– – cry, weep. → hıçkıra hıçkıra ağla–.

ağrı ache. → baş ağrısı.

ağrı– – hurt, ache.

Ah. (-) Oh. / Oh dear.

ahbap acquaintance, friend.

aile (-..) family.

aile ocağı family, family hearth.

aile şerefi family honor.

ailevî (-..-) adj. family.

ait (-.) /A/ 1. relating /to/, concerning /Ø/. 2. belonging /to/.

Akbıyık Akbıyık (lit. white moustache. A street in the Sultanahmet area of old Istanbul near several important Ottoman historical sites, including the Topkapı palace.)

akıl, -klı mind.

akıl danış– – get advice, consult.

akıl et– – think of, realize.

aklı er– /A/ – understand /Ø/, realize /Ø/.

aklı takıl– /A/ (for one’s mind) – fix /on/.

aklı yat– /A/ – agree to, accept, come around (on an issue).

aklına gel– – occur to sb’s mind, think of.

aklını başına topla– – pull oneself together.

aklının köşesinden geç– – occur to one (lit. – pass through the corner of one’s mind).

akıllan– – come to one’s senses.

akıllıca (…’.) reasonable, sensible.

akın a sudden rush of people.

akın akın in droves.

akis, -si the opposite, contrary.

aklı akıl. 

Aksaray Aksaray (lit. white palace. A busy shopping, commercial area with many hotels in the Fatih district of Istanbul.) 

akşam evening, night. → İyi akşamlar, yarın akşam.

akşam üstü toward evening.

akşam vakti about sunset time, in the evening.

akşama tonight, this evening.

akşama doğru toward evening.

akşamdan the night before, the previous evening.

al–, ır 1. – get, obtain, receive. 2. – take. 3. – buy, purchase. → cesaret al–, eline al–, göze al–, izin al–, ölçüsünü al–.

ala (- -) very good, excellent. → pek ala.

alâka / alaka (.-.) 1. ties, relationship. 2. interest, attention.

alâka çek– – attract attention, captivate.

alâka göster– /A/ – show interest /IN/.

alâka kes– /lA/ – sever ties /with/.

Alamanya standard = Almanya Germany.

alay mockery, kidding.

alay et– /lA/ – joke, kid, make fun /OF/.

alaylı adj. mocking.

aldır– – send for sth or sb, have sth or sb brought.

aleyh against.

alın, -lnı forehead, brow.

alın yazısı destiny (lit. forehead writing).

alın– /A/DAn/ – take offense /AT/, – be offended /BY/.

alış– /A/ – become accustomed /to/, – grow accustomed /to/, – get used /to/, – adapt /to/.

alış veriş business, buying and selling.

alış veriş et– /DAn/ – do business /with/.

alıştır– /A/ – let get accustomed, – accustom sb /to/ sth.

Allah God. → inşallah.

Allah aşkına for God’s sake.

Allah kavuştursun. May God reunite you.

Allaha ısmarladık. / Allahısmarladık. Good-bye. (said by the person leaving; the person remaining says Güle güle.)

Allahım my God!

Allahtan fortunately.

Alman German.

Almanya (..’.) Germany.

Alo. (.’.) Hello! (used only when answering the telephone).

alt, -tı the under part, bottom.

altı six.

altıncı sixth.

altmış sixty.

ama (.’.) but.

amaan for goodness sake! (emphatic form of aman).

aman (.-) 1. good gracious, oh dear. 2. my (indicating approbation). 3. oh come on.

amca (.’.) 1. (paternal) uncle. 2. uncle (a polite form of address to an older man).

an moment. → bir an, bir an evvel, o ana kadar, o anda, şu anda.

ana mother.

anacık dear mother.

anahtar key (to a lock).

ancak (.’.) 1. only. 2. barely, just.

anı memory, what is remembered.

ani (- -) sudden.

aniden (- -.) suddenly, on the spur of the moment.

anla– 1. – understand, get (i.e. understand), gather, catch on. 2. /DAn/ – understand sth /about/ sth. → yanlış anla–.

anlam meaning, sense.

anlam ver– – make sense of.

anlaşıl– – be understood, – be clear.

anlaşılan it is clear that, what is clear is that.

anlaşıldı it seems that, it is clear that (lit. it became clear that).

anlat– 1. – explain. 2. – relate, tell.

anlayış noun understanding.

anlayış göster– – be sympathetic.

anlayışlı adj. understanding.

anlayışsızlık lack of understanding.

anlayışsızlık göster– – be unsympathetic, show a lack of understanding.

anne (.’.) mother.

anneciğim mommy.

antipatik antipathetic.

apar topar (..’ ..) in a panic.

apartman apartment house, apartment building.

apartman dairesi apartment, i.e. one unit in an apartment building.

aptalca (..’.) stupid.

ara 1. distance between (two things). 2. among. 3. time between two events, interval. 4. relations between people. 5. time, point in time. 6. side (street). → bir ara, bir arada, bu ara, bu arada.

ara sıra once in a while, now and then, from time to time.

ara sokak side street.

aralarında among them.

aramızda between us.

aramızdan between ourselves.

arası açıl– – have a falling out (between people).

arası düzel– (for matters) straighten out between people.

arasına to the area between, among (motion to).

arasında among, amidst.

arasındaki that is/was or are/were between.

arasından 1. from between. 2. from among, through.

ara– 1. – look for, seek, look up. 2. – ask for, call (on telephone). ağzını ara–, tekrar ara–.

araba car, automobile.

araba kazası automobile accident.

aralan– – open (door) a crack.

aran– – be sought, looked for.

arazi (.-.) piece of land, land.

ardından from behind → art.

argın (only in the following) → yorgun argın.

arıza (-..) break down, mechanical failure.

arıza yap– – break down (machine).

arka 1. the back, back part (of a person or thing). 2. the space or area behind. 3. the time after, following.

arka bahçe backyard.

arkadan afterwards, after that, then.

arkasından from the back of, from behind.

arkasından konuş– – speak behind sb’s back.

arkasını çevir– – turn sth over (lit. – turn its back).

arkasını dön– – turn one’s back.

arkadaş 1. friend. 2. person. → candan arkadaş.

art back, behind, the space behind.

ardından from behind.

arta kalan (..’..) what is left over, what remains.

artık (.’.) 1. now. 2. from now on, finally. 3. any more, no longer.

arzu wish, desire.

arzu et– – wish, desire.

as– /A/ – hang sth /to/on/. → kulak as–.

asıl– – hang, be hung. → suratı asıl–.

aşağı the lower part, bottom.

aşırı excessive.

aşırı derecede excessively, in an extreme degree.

aşk, -kı love. → Allah aşkına. / AT / ON / IN /

at– /A/ 1. – throw /AT/ON/IN/. 2. – set sth down. → adım at–, can at–, geriye at–, içeriye at–, kahkahalar at–, yanlış adım at–.

ateş 1. fire. 2. the usual place for a fire: stove, burner, etc.

atıl– /A/ – throw oneself /around/ (sb’s neck).

atla– /A/ – hop /into/ a vehicle.

atölye (..’.) workshop.

Avrupa (..’.) Europe.

avrupalı (..’..) European.

avuç, -vcu the palm of the hand.

avun– – get one’s mind off one’s troubles, distract oneself.

ay month.

ay başı the first of the month.

Ay! Oh! (an expression of surprise).

ayak foot.

ayakta dur– – stand.

ayarla – arrange.

ayıl– – wake up.

ayıp 1. (a) shame, disgrace. 2. improper.

ayırt– – book a flight, reserve a place (on a plane, bus, train, etc.).

aylık 1. monthly. 2. a monthly salary.

aynen (.’.) exactly, the same.

aynen tut– – be exactly the same as.

aynı (.’.) the same.

aynı şey the same thing.

ayrı apart, separate.

ayrı ayrı separately, individually.

ayrıca (.’..) besides, in addition, further.

ayrıl– /DAn/ 1. – leave /from/ (a place). 2. – quit (a job). 3. (for people) – separate, part.

ayrılık separation, being apart.

ayrıyeten in addition, additionally.

az little, a small amount.

az daha almost, nearly.

B

Top A B C Ç D E F G Ğ H I İ J K L M N O Ö P R S Ş T U Ü V Y Z

baba father.

babacan nice elderly man, fatherly man.

babacığım daddy.

bacı bacı, older sister (like abla, a respectful form of address for a woman; here the speaker is from the countryside rather than the city).

bağdaş– /lA/ – be in accord /with/, jibe /with/.

bağır– /A/ – shout /AT/.

bağışla– – pardon, excuse.

bağla– /A/ 1. – tie /to/. 2. – put a call through /to/. → (bir işi) sonuca bağla–, telefonu bağla–.

bahane (.-.) excuse.

bahane et– – make sth an excuse, use sth as an excuse.

bahçe garden. → arka bahçe.

bahis, -hsi subject, topic.

bahsi kapat– – drop a subject, topic.

bahset- (.’.) /DAn/ – mention /Ø/.

bak– /A/ 1. – look /AT/. 2. – take care of, look /after/, see to. 3. look (command), here (by way of emphasizing or drawing attention). → keyfine bak–, kusura bakma–.

bakıl– /A/ – be looked /at/, be considered.

bakım point of view.

bakımından from the point of view of.

bakın– – look around (oneself).

bakkal 1. grocer. 2. the grocer’s, grocery store.

bal honey (the food).

bal gibi very easy. (lit. like honey).

balayı, -nı (.’..) honeymoon.

balayı gezisi honeymoon.

balayı gezisine çık– – go on a honeymoon.

bardak drinking glass. → içki bardağı.

bark, -kı dwelling. → ev bark.

bari (-‘.) at least.

basit, -ti simple, plain.

bastır– 1. – suddenly to set in (weather condition). 2. /A/ – press one thing /upon/ another.

baş 1. head. 2. beginning. 3. side, near, vicinity, presence. 4. self, oneself. ay başı, işin başı, işin başına geç–, sokak başı, yalnız başına, yanı başında, yıl başı.

baş ağrısı headache.

baş başa/başbaşa /lA/ face to face /with/, alone together /with/ (lit. head to head).

baş başa kal– /lA/ – be alone together /with/, remain alone together /with/. 

baş sağlığı, nı (.’…) condolence.

baş vur– (.’.) /A/ – resort /to/, have recourse /to/.

başıboş carefree, aimlessly.

başına gel– – happen to, befall (lit. – come to sb’s head).

başında 1. at, near, around. 2. at the beginning of.

Başınız sağ olsun. I’m so sorry to hear it (the news of a death) (lit. May your head be healthy).

baştan from the start, from the beginning, in the first place, originally.

başka 1. other, another, else. 2. /DAn/ other /than/, rather /than/.

başka biri someone else.

başka türlü 1. of another kind, something different. 2. differently.

başka zaman some other time, at another time.

başkaca (..’.) other, another, else.

başkaları, nı others, other people.

başkası, nı someone else, anyone else.

başla– /A/ – start /Ø/ sth, begin /Ø/ sth, start /to/, begin /to/.

başlangıç beginning.

başlangıçta in the beginning, at first.

başlat– /I/ – get sth started, start, begin (a process).

başlı headed, having a certain demeanor. → ağır başlı.

baş sağlığı baş.

baş vur– baş.

bavul suitcase, bag, luggage.

bayağı (.’..) easy, simple.

bayan woman, lady.

bayır hill.

bazı (-.) some, certain.

be hey! come now! (vulg. as an exclamation of reproach).

bebek 1. baby. 2. doll.

Bebek Bebek (One of the wealthiest neighborhoods of Istanbul. It is located on the European shores of the Bosphorus.)

Bebekteki adj. that, what, which is in Bebek (lit. the in Bebek).

becer– – be able, succeed.

beğen– – like, be fond of, be taken by.

bekle– /I/ 1. – wait /for/. 2. – expect.

bekleş– – wait together as a group.

belediye municipality.

belge document, certificate.

belir– – appear, manifest itself.

belirli definite, real.

belirsiz dim, indistinct.

belki perhaps, maybe.

belki de and maybe, it may even be that.

belli clear.

bencil self-centered.

benze– /A/ – look like.

beraber (.-.) /lA/ together /with/. → hep beraber.

beraberce (.-.’.) together.

beri /DAn/ 1. since. 2. for. → eskiden beri, öte beri.

besle– – nourish.

beş five. üç beş.

bey 1. bey, Mr. (but used after a first name). 2. (after a title indicating function such as peder [father], doktor [doctor], where it is usually not translated into English). → peder bey.

beyaz white.

beyfendi (.’..) (a common pronunciation of beyefendi (.’…)) 1. sir. 2. a polite honorific used after a man’s first name.

beyin, -yni brain.

beyninden vurulmuşa dön– – become dumbfounded.

bez linen or cotton material, cloth.

bırak– /A/ 1. – leave sth/sb somewhere. 2. – quit (a job). 3. – stop (bad behavior, certain speech). 4. (for an emotion) – give way /to/ (another). 4. – leave, abandon. 5. – leave sth /to/ sb. 6. – leave behind. 7. – settle into (chair, couch, etc.). 8. – leave sb/sth in a certain state or condition. 9. – leave time for. 10. – leave in the care of. geride / gerilerde bırak–, rahat bırak–.

biçim sort, kind. → ne biçim.

bil–, ir – know, realize. fırsat bil–.

bildir– /A/ – tell /Ø/ sb sth, inform /Ø/ sb of sth.

bile bile knowing quite well, well aware, fully aware.

Bilmem ki. Well, I really don’t know.

bile even.

bilet ticket. → otobüs bileti.

bin– /A/ – get /into/, get /on/.

bina (.-) building.

bir one.

bir an for a moment, suddenly.

bir an evvel right away.

bir ara at one point (in time).

bir arada together.

bir çok (.’.) many, a lot of.

bir daha once more, again.

bir de 1. too, as well as, and also, and. 2. in addition, moreover, also, as well, furthermore, besides that.

bir dereceye kadar somewhat, to a certain extent.

bir hayli quite a lot, for a long time.

bir kaç, -çı several, a few, some. 

bir kere once, one time.

bir müddet for a while, for a moment.

bir müddet daha for a while longer, a while longer.

bir müddet sonra a little while later, after a while, sometime later.

bir tuhaf a bit odd, strange.

bir türlü not at all, not in any way, just (followed by a negative), quite (followed by a negative).

bir zamanlar at one time.

biraz (.’.) 1. a little, some, a bit. 2. for a while, for a moment.

biraz sonra a little later, in a little while.

birazdan (.’..) soon, in a little while, a little later.

birbiri / bir biri, -ni one another, each other.

birden (.’.) suddenly.

birer one each, one apiece.

biri, -ni 1. one of them. 2. someone. → başka biri, hiç biri.

biricik (.’..) only, sole.

birisi person, someone.

bir kaç bir

birlikte /lA/ together /with/. → hep birlikte.

bitir– – finish, complete.

Boğaz the Bosphorus. 

bohça bundle.

borç debt.

borç ver– – pay a debt, money owed.

borçlu /A/ indebted /to/, owing.

boş 1. empty. 2. useless. 3. unemployed, without a job, unoccupied.

boş yere for no reason, in vain.

boşuna for nothing, in vain, for naught, useless.

boy stature, height.

boya 1. paint. 2. make-up.

boylu of a (certain) stature. → uzun boylu.

boyun, -ynu neck.

boyunca (..’.) 1. lengthwise. 2. along. 3. throughout, during. hayatı boyunca, yemek boyunca, yol boyunca.

boz– – spoil, ruin. → moralini boz–, rahatını boz–.

bozdur– – exchange (money), get sb to exchange one currency for another.

bozuk shot, out of order.

bozul– – be spoiled, ruined. → morali bozul–.

börek börek, a flaky pastry filled wth layers of usually cheese or ground beef.

böyle (.’.) 1. adv. like this, like that, so, thus, 2. adj. such, like this.

böylesi, -ni (.’..) it’s (being) like this, thus.

bu, -nu this.

bu ara right now.

bu arada 1. in the meantime, during this time. 2. among other things.

bu derece so, to such a degree, to such an extent.

bu gün bugün today.

bu kadar so, so much, this much, so many, to this extent.

bu kadar zaman so much time, for ever so long, for quite a while now, for so long, for this long, after such a long time.

bu sabah this morning.

bu sırada at that moment.

bu şekilde this way, in this way, like this.

bu yana /DAn/ since, from (a certain time) to now.

bu yolda on this, with this intention (lit. on this road, path).

bu zaman içinde during this time, over that time.

bu zamanda in these times, at this time.

bundan sonra from now on.

bundan yana on that score.

buçuk and a half.

bugün (.’.) today.

bugüne kadar up to today, up to now, so far.

bugünkü (.’..) of today, today’s.

bugünlerde one of these days, on one of these days.

buhran crisis.

bul–, ur 1. – find. 2. – think of as, find (easy, difficult). → adet yerini bulsun, garip bul–, hoş bulduk, saçma bul–, uygun bul–, yersiz bul–.

bulaşık dirty dishes.

bulun– 1. – be found. 2. /DA/ – be /IN/AT/ (a place). 3. used with certain verbal nouns in a ‘verbal noun.DA’ structure: rica ’a requesting’, ricada ‘in a requesting’, ricada bulun- – make a request, lit. – be in a requesting, a formal equivalent of rica et-. → ricada bulun–, teklifte bulun–, yardımda bulun-. 

buluş– – meet, come together.

bunal– – be distressed, suffering.

bunca (.’.) this much, so much; this many, so many.

bundan bu.

bura (.’.) this place.

burada (.’..) here, in or at this place (position).

buradaki adj. that or what or who is here.

buradan (.’..) from here, from this place (most frequently motion away from).

buralar here, these places, these parts, over here (an area usually larger than that indicated by bura).

buralara here, to these places (usually motion to). 

buranın (.’..) of this place, this place’s, here’s.

burası, -nı (.’..) this place.

buraya (.’..) here, to this place (most frequently motion to).

Bursa Bursa (An industrial city south of Istanbul across the Sea of Marmara, it was the first capital of the Ottoman Empire and was famous for its silk production and fruit processing.)

burun, -rnu nose.

burnunda tüt– – long for, crave for.

buruştur– – crumple up.

buyur–, buyr– – command, order.

Buyur. / Buyrun. 1. (in making an offer, presenting sth, offering a seat) Here you are. / Here, please. 2. (in a welcome) Won’t you come in. 3. (when urging sb to speak, as in answering the telephone) Go ahead.

buz ice.

büro (.’.) office.

büsbütün (.’..) completely, entirely.

bütün 1. whole, full. 2. (usually before a plural form) all.

büyük great.

C

Top A B C Ç D E F G Ğ H I İ J K L M N O Ö P R S Ş T U Ü V Y Z

cahillik (-..) ignorance.

cami, -ii / -si (-.) mosque.

can 1. soul. 2. life.

can at– /için/ – do one’s utmost /to/.

candan arkadaş close, bosom, intimate friend.

canı sıkıl– 1. – get bored. 2. – be upset, annoyed, bothered (lit. for one’s soul to be squeezed).

canım (..’) 1. dear, my dear. 2. no way, not at all (following yok). yok canım.

canını sık– – annoy, upset (lit. – squeeze one’s soul).

canikom honey, dear.

canlılık liveliness, energy.

cazip (-.) attractive, appealing.

ceket jacket.

cep pocket (in clothing).

cesaret, -ti (.-.) courage.

cesaret al– /DAn/ – take courage /from/, be encouraged /by/.

cesaret et– /A/ – have the courage /to/, dare /to/.

cesaret ver– /A/ – give courage /to/.

cesaretini kır– – discourage.

cevap answer, response.

cevap ver– /A/ – answer, respond /to/.

ciddi (.-) serious.

cisim, -smi material body, object.

Ç

Top A B C Ç D E F G Ğ H I İ J K L M N O Ö P R S Ş T U Ü V Y Z

çaba effort.

çabuk quickly, fast.

çağ 1. time. 2. age, period. okul çağı.

çağır– – ask for, summon, call.

çal– – ring (a bell), knock (on a door). → kapı çal–, kapısını çal–, karnı zil çal–, telefon çal–.

çalın– – be rung ( a bell), be knocked on (a door). → kapı çalın–.

çalış– 1. – work. 2. /A/ – try /to/.

çalışkan hard-working, industrious.

çalışkanlık diligence.

çalışma effort, work.

çamaşır 1. laundry, dirty clothes. 2. underwear.

çanta (.’.) 1. (woman’s) purse, bag. 2. suitcase, luggage. 3. briefcase.

çare (-.) solution (to a problem).

çarp– – pound, palpitate, throb. → kalbi çarp–.

çarpıntı pounding (of the heart). → kalp çarpıntısı.

çarşı market.

çay 1. tea. 2. a cup or glass of tea.

çek– 1. /DAn, A/ – pull /from, to/. 2. /A/ – attract, draw (attention) /to/. 3. – long /for/. 4. – take (pictures, i.e. photographs). 5. – endure (suffering, difficulty). 6. – withdraw /from/. 7. – pass sth /over/ sth. alâka çek–, resim çek–, dikkatini çek–, ızdırap çek–, iple çek–, kapıyı çek–, kenara çek–, özlemini çek–, üzerine çek–, üzüntü çek–, zorluk çek–. 

çekil– – be taken (pictures). resim çekil–.

çektir– – have taken (pictures). resim çektir–.

çene chin.

çenesi açıl– for one’s tongue – be loosened (by drink, etc.).

çenesini yor– waste one’s breath (lit. – tire one’s chin).

çevir– 1. – turn sth over. 2. /A, A doğru/ – turn sth /to, toward/. → arkasını çevir–, dolap çevir–.

çevre the area around sth, around.

çevril– 1. – be turned, rotated. 2. – be made (a film).

çeyiz dowry.

çık– 1. /DAn/ – leave /Ø/, go out /from/. 2. /A/ – go out /to/. 3. /A/ – set out /for/. 4. – appear, turn up. 5. – climb (stairs, etc.). 6. /A/ – go up /to/. → balayı gezisine çık–, dışarı çık–, dolaşmağa çık–, geziye çık–, gösteriş yarışına çık–, kapıdan çık–, kapıyı vurup çık–, karşısına çık–, merdivenleri çık–, Ne çıkar?, seyahate çık–, sokağa çık–, yemeğe çık–, yola çık–.

çıkıp git– /DAn/ – up and leave /from/.

çıkar– 1. /DAn/ – take out /OF/, remove /from/. 2. /DAn/ – understand, get an idea /from/. 3. /DAn/ – bring forth /from/. 4. – cause, bring about.

çıkar benefit/advantage.

çıkar yol a way out (of a difficult situation).

çıkış departure, leaving, exit.

çıkış saati quitting time.

çıkış kapısı exit.

çılgınca (..’.) crazy, mad.

çınla– – ring, reverberate.

çocuk child. → çoluk çocuk.

çocukça childish.

çocuklu having children, with children.

çocukluk childishness, childhood.

çok 1. a lot, much, many, a lot of. 2. very, very much, terribly; too. 3. strenuously. → bir çok.

çok geçmez before long, before much time has passed.

çok şey a lot, many things.

çok şükür thank (God). (lit. many thanks).

çoktan a long time, long since.

çoluk çocuk (..’ ..) wife and children, family.

çook soooo (= çok with emphasis).

çorap stockings.

çök– /A/ 1. – sink, collapse /into/ (a chair, couch). 2. (for a feeling) – come /over/.

çökert– – bring down, cause to collapse.

çöz– – solve (a problem, puzzle).

D

Top A B C Ç D E F G Ğ H I İ J K L M N O Ö P R S Ş T U Ü V Y Z

da / de 1. too, also. 2. and. 3. (emphasizes the preceding expression). 4. already. 5. /—sA/ even if. ya da.

daha 1. yet, still. 2. more, in addition. 3. more, -er. 4. as early as, even. → az daha, bir daha, bir müddet daha.

daha bir still more, to a greater extent.

daha doğrusu more precisely, actually.

daha evvelce before, earlier.

daha evvelden earlier, from before, already.

daha iyi better.

daha ne what more?

daha ne kadar? how much longer?

daha sonra later.

dahi (.-‘) even.

daima (-.-) always.

daire (-..) apartment. → apartman dairesi.

dakika (.-.) 1. minute. 2. moment.

daktilo (..’.) typing.

dal– /A/ 1. – plunge /into/, drift off /into/ (dreams, reverie), drop off /to/ (sleep). 2. – become absorbed /IN/ (activity). → uykuya dal–.

dalgın lost in thought, off (in the clouds), distracted.

dalgınlık distracted state of mind, distraction.

damla drop (of water, tears).

danış– /A/ – consult /Ø/ sb, an office, etc. → akıl danış–.

darı millet (seed, grain; prov. maize, corn). 

darısı başına may your / his / her turn come next (said to wish one person the same good fortune that has befallen another; lit. his corn for your / his / her head). 

darıl– /A/ – get angry /at/, get mad /at/.

davet, -ti (-.) inviting, invitation.

davet et– /A/ – invite /to/.

davetiye (-…) invitation.

davetli (-..) invitee, person invited, guest.

davran– /A karşı/ – behave /toward/.

davranış /A karşı/ behavior /toward/.

de / dabelki de, ne … ne de, yine de.

de– 1. – say, talk. 2. – mean. 3. think, say to oneself. 4. – call sth sth, sb sth, refer to sth or sb as.

defa (.-) time, turn. → ilk defa, son defa.

defter file, notebook.

1. değ– /A/ (for sth) – strike, touch /Ø/ sth. → nazar değ–.

2. değ– /A/ – be worth /Ø/.

değel = değil.

değer value, worth.

değer ver– /A/ – value /Ø/, regard of value, esteem /Ø/.

değerlendir– /I/ – take advantage of. 2. – judge, evaluate.

değil 1. not. 2. no.

değiş– – change, become different.

değişiklik (a) change.

değiştir– – change sth/sb. → fikrini değiştir–.

deli crazy, mad, manic.

delikanlı (..’..) young man, youth.

demek so, that means.

demek ki so, in that case.

demir iron.

demir parçası piece of iron.

deniz sea.

deniz kenarı the shore, seaside.

derece 1. degree. 2. level. 3. extent. → aşırı derecede, bir dereceye kadar, bu derece, son derece.

derin deep.

dert pain, sorrow.

dertleş– /lA/ – share troubles /with/.

desene (..’.) / desenize (…’.) that means, so then, that is to say.

deste bunch.

detektiflik detective work.

devam continuing, continuation.

devam et– – continue, go on.

dış outside. → yurt dışı.

dışında outside of.

dışarı outside.

dışarı çık– – go out, go outside.

dışarıda outside, outdoors (position).

dışarıya outside, i.e. to the outside (motion to).

dik steep.

dik– /A/ – be fixed /ON/.

dikkat, -ti 1. careful attention. 2. Attention! Watch out!

dikkatini çek– – catch sb’s attention.

dikkatle carefully, closely.

dil tongue (body part).

dile– 1. – wish, want. 2. – ask /for/, request. → özür dile–, Saadetler dilerim.

din– (for a noise) – cease, stop.

dinle– /I/ 1. – listen /to/, hear. 2. – pay attention /to/, heed /Ø/. → lâf dinle–.

dinlen– – rest.

dip bottom.

diploma diploma.

diret– – object.

diş tooth.

dişini sık– – grit one’s teeth and bear it.

diyar (.-) land, country.

diye 1. thinking, wondering. 2. saying. 3. so that. 4. as. ne diye?

doğru 1. proper, correct, right. 2. /A/ toward, for. 3. straight, directly. 4. the truth.

doğru dürüst 1. proper. 2. properly.

doğruca (.’..) straight, directly.

doğrul– – sit up, straighten up.

doğrusu really, actually (lit. the truth of it, i.e. of the matter). → daha doğrusu.

doğum birth.

doktor doctor.

dokun– /A/ 1. – have an effect /on/. 2. – upset/Ø/, disturb /Ø/.

dol– /A/ 1. – fill /Ø/. 2. – become full, get full. 3. (for a feeling) – come /over/.

dolap 1. cupboard, wardrobe. 2. colloq. plot, intrigue, trickery, ruse.

dolap çevir– – do sth tricky, pull a ruse.

dolaş– – walk about, wander about, roam.

dolaşıp dur– – walk about constantly.

dolaşmağa çık– – set out for a walk.

dolayı /DAn/ because of, on account of.

doldur– – fill, make full.

Dolmabahçe Dolmabahçe (The largest of the Ottoman palaces, it is located on the European shore of the Bosphorus. It was completed in 1856 and was the residence of the sultans until 1924.) 

dolmuş share cab.

dolu full.

don– – freeze.

donuk frozen.

dosya file.

doyur– – feed, fill (one’s stomach). → karnını doyur–.

dön– 1. – turn (one’s back). 2. – turn (back, backwards). 3. /A/ – go back, come back, return /to/. 4. /DAn/ – go back /on/ (a promise). → arkasını dön–, beyninden vurulmuşa dön–, geri dön–, geriye dön–, sözden dön–, şaşkına dön–.

dönüşte on the way back.

dört four.

döviz foreign money, foreign exchange.

dua (.-) prayer.

dul widow.

dur–, ur 1. – stop, become motionless. 2. – stand. 3. – stand without doing anything. ayakta dur–, dolaşıp dur–, üzerinde dur–.

durup dururken for no good reason.

durak (bus, share cab, etc.) stop. → otobüs durağı.

durdur– – stop sth, bring sth to a stop, cause sth to stop.

durgun withdrawn, subdued.

durgunlaş– – become calm, calm down.

durul– /üzerinde/ – be dwelt /upon/ (problem, issue). → üzerinde durul–.

durum condition, state, situation.

durup dururken dur–.

duvar wall.

duy– 1. – hear. 2. – get word of, learn of. 3. – feel. → heyecan duy–, his duy–, lüzumunu duy–, pişmanlık duy–, sıkıntı duy–, üzüntü duy–, yalnızlık duy–, yanlış duy–.

duygu feeling.

duymazvurdum duymaz.

duyul– – be heard.

düğün wedding, wedding party.

dükkân (small) store, shop.

dün yesterday.

dün gece last night.

dünkü, -nü adj. of yesterday, yesterday’s.

dünya (.-) world.

dürüst, -tü 1. proper. 2. properly. → doğru dürüst.

düş– 1. /DAn, A/ – fall /from, to/. 2. /A/üzerine/ (for a duty, a matter) – become the responsibility of, fall /to/.

düşün– – think, think of, think about, consider, wonder, have in mind, conclude. → kara kara düşün–.

düşünce 1. thought, thinking. 2. idea, opinion.

düşünce tarzı outlook, way of thinking.

düşünceli adj. thinking, having (certain kinds of) thoughts. → kötü düşünceli.

düşüncesiz thoughtless, inconsiderate.

düşündür– – make think, cause to think.

düşür– – make fall, cause to fall.

düzel– – straigthten out, get better, improve. → arası düzel–.

düzen 1. order, arrangement. 2. social system.

düzlük level open area.

E

Top A B C Ç D E F G Ğ H I İ J K L M N O Ö P R S Ş T U Ü V Y Z

eczane (.-.) drugstore, pharmacy.

edici that does so-and-so, so-and-so doing (from the verb et–). → teselli edici.

edil– – be done, be made (passive form of et–). → teslim edil–.

Ee. Well. / Well then. / Well now.

efendi (..’.) 1. gentleman. 2. used after the first names or position names of men of relatively humble social status. 3. husband (when referred to by his wife).

efendim 1. yes sir, madam, ma’am, miss (in reply to a request or when one is addressed). 2. (as a substitute for Hello, when answering the telephone). 

eğ– /A/ – bend /over/ (papers, desk).

eğer (.’.) if (usually followed by a verb in the conditional form: /—sA/).

eğil– – bend down.

eğlen– – enjoy oneself.

eğlence amusement, entertainment.

Eh! Well... alright then. (indicates halfhearted acceptance).

ekmek bread.

eksik 1. absent. 2. defective, missing.

Eksik olma. / olmayın. Thank you. (lit. May you never be absent.)

1. el hand.

elceğiziyle with one’s own hands, by oneself.

eldeki what is on hand, what one had.

elden gel– – be possible (lit. – come from the hand).

elinde ol– – be in one’s control, within one’s power (lit. – be in one’s hand).

eline al– – take into one’s hand, pick up. (lit. – take into one’s hand).

eline para geç– – earn (lit. for money to pass into one’s hand).

2. el foreigner, stranger.

el oğlu, -nu (.’..) foreigner, stranger.

elbette (.’..) certainly.

elbise (.-.) 1. clothing. 2. suit.

elbiseli dressed.

elektrik electricity.

eleman a member (of a group: personnel, staff).

elveda (..-) /A/ Farewell. Good-bye! /to/ (when parting forever).

emanet, -ti (.-.) sb or sth entrusted to another’s safekeeping, a trust.

emin /A/ sure, certain /that/.

emir, -mri order, command.

emme dialect for ama but.

emri vaki usually emrivaki, -ii (..- -) fait accompli.

en (before an adjective) the most, -est.

en iyisi best of all, the best thing is, the best thing would be.

endişe anxiety, worry, concern.

endişe et– – be concerned, worried.

endişelen– /DAn/ – become anxious /about/.

enerji energy.

engelle– – hinder, prevent, stop.

epey (.’.) 1. quite, rather. 2. quite a while.

epeyce (.’..) 1. quite, quite a lot. 2. considerably, really, thoroughly.

er– /A/ – reach /Ø/, attain /Ø/. → akıl er–.

erkek man, male.

erken early.

erkenden (.’..) early, very early.

ertesi the next, the following (with certain time words: day, morning, etc.).

ertesi gün the next day.

ertesi sabah the next morning.

esas fundamental, basic, real.

esirge– /DAn/ – spare /Ø/, withhold /from/.

eski 1. old (for objects, not persons). 2. former.

eskiden formerly, in times past.

eskiden beri for ever so long, from way back (in time), for a long time now.

eskiden olduğu gibi like before, as before.

eskiler old people/things, old-timers.

eskisi gibi like before, as before.

esmer dark, dark-skinned, swarthy.

spouse.

eşarp scarf, head scarf.

eşya (.-) 1. things, objects. 2. furniture, furnishings.

et–, eder – do, – make (appears as an auxiliary verb in the verbs listed below, which include items where the noun and et– are written together, e.g. bahset–; see under each item for the definition).

acele et–, akıl et–, alay et–, alış veriş et–, arzu et–.

bahane et–, bahset–, belli et–.

cesaret et–.

davet et–, devam et–.

endişe et–, etmesine et–.

fark et–, farket–.

hallet–, hareket et–, hasret–, hisset–, hitap et–.

ısrar et–.

icabet–, icap et–, idare et–, ihmal et–, iki lâf et–, ikna et–, ikram et–, intibak et–, itham et–, itiraz et–, ikram et–, istirahat et–, iyi et–, izah et–.

kabul et–, kastet–, kavga et–.

laf / lâf et–.

merak et–, mutlu et–, münakaşa et–, müracaat et–, müsaade et–, müsade / müsaade et–.

naklet–, narkörlük et–, nefret et–.

perişan et–.

rahat et–, rahatsız et–, rica et–.

sabret–, söz et–.

şikâyet et–.

tahammül et–, tahmin et–, tarif et–, tasnif et–, tebrik et–, teklif et–, telefon et–, tenbih et–, tenkit et–, terket–, teselli et–, teşekkür et–.

vefat et–.

yaramazlık et–, yardım et–, yok et–, yolcu et–.

zahmet et–.

etki effect.

etki yap– /üzerinde/ – have an effect /on/.

etkile– /I/ – affect, influence.

etraf 1. sides. 2. area around or near.

etrafındaki adj. what or who is around.

etraflıca (…’.) thoroughly, in detail.

ev house.

ev bark home and family.

evet, -ti yes.

evlen– 1. – get married /to/. 2. /lA/ – marry /Ø/.

evlendir– – get sb married.

evli married.

evlilik marriage, state of being married.

evvel 1. /DAn/ before. 2. ago. → bir an evvel.

evvela / evvelâ (.’.-) first of all, first, first off.

evvelce (..’.) before, previously. → daha evvelce.

evvelden previously, already. → daha evvelden.

ezan the call to prayer.

F

Top A B C Ç D E F G Ğ H I İ J K L M N O Ö P R S Ş T U Ü V Y Z

fabrika (..’.) factory.

fakat, -tı (.’.) but; nevertheless.

fakir a poor person.

fakir fukara the poor.

faktör factor.

falan and such, and the like, or something, or anything, etc.

fark, -kı 1. difference. 2. awareness.

farket– 1. – notice. 2. – make a difference.

farkına var– – become aware of, realize, notice.

farkında ol– – be aware of, realize.

fatura (..’.) invoice, bill.

fayda advantage, benefit, good.

fayda sağla– – secure or provide an advantage or benefit.

fazla 1. too; too much; too many; a lot. 2. /DAn/ more than.

fazla kaçır– – drink or eat too much.

feci, -ii / -si (.-) terrible.

fedakarlık (.-..) sacrifice.

felaket, -ti (.-.) disaster, calamity.

felli kelli felli.

fena (.-) bad.

fena alıştır– – let sb get into bad habits.

fesat trouble-maker.

fevkalâde (.’.-.) extraordinary, wonderful.

fevkaladelik (.’.-..) something unusual, out of the ordinary.

fırla– /DAn/ – leap up /from/, jump up /from/.

fırsat, -tı opportunity, occasion.

fırsat bil– – take advantage of an opportunity, recognize an opportunity.

fırsattan istifade taking advantage of the opportunity, making use of the opportunity.

fırtına (..’.) storm.

fikir, -kri idea, opinion, mind.

fikir ver– – make a suggestion (lit. – give an idea).

fikrini değiştir– – change one’s mind.

fikrini sor– – ask sb’s opinion.

filan and so on, etc., and the like.

film movie, film.

firma (.’.) firm, company.

fotoğraf photograph.

fukara (..-) the poor. → fakir fukara.

G  

Top A B C Ç D E F G Ğ H I İ J K L M N O Ö P R S Ş T U Ü V Y Z

galiba (-‘.-) probably, it looks like, it seems.

gar large railway station.

garanti guarantee.

gardaş dialect for kardeş 1. brother, sister. 2. dear (address of affection).

gariban the needy, the poor.

garip strange, awkward, uneasy.

garip bul– – find strange.

gariplik loneliness, feeling of being a stranger.

garson waiter.

gâvur unbeliever, non-Muslim.

gavurca (..’.) in a non-Muslim language.

gayret, -ti arduous effort.

gayret göster– – try one’s hardest, do one’s best (lit. – show effort).

gazete (..’.) newspaper.

gazeteci (..’..) journalist, correspondent.

gazetedeki adj. in the newspaper.

gazino (..’.) large nightclub.

gazoz soda pop.

gece night, evening. → dün gece, iyi geceler.

gece kulübü nightclub.

gece yarısı midnight.

gecenin karanlığında in the darkness of night.

gecik– – be late.

geç late.

geç kal– /A/ – be late /for/.

geç vakit late in the evening.

geç– – pass. → aklından geç–, çok geçmez, eline para geç–, gelip geç–, işin başına geç–, vaz geç–.

geçen 1. past. 2. last.

geçen gün the other day.

geçen hafta last week.

geçen haftaki adj. last week, last week’s.

geçenlerde lately, recently, the other day.

geçici temporary, passing.

geçim livelihood, subsistence.

geçimini sağla– – provide for the livelihood of.

geçin– /lA/ 1. – get by /ON/, manage /ON/. 2. – get on /with/, get along /with/ (people).

geçir– 1. /lA/ – spend time /with/ (a person), /içinde/ spend time /in/ (a condition). 2. – experience, – go through an experience.

geçmiş 1. past, passed. 2. the past.

Geçmiş olsun. I hope they’re all better soon. (lit. Let it be past.)

geçmişteki adj. past.

gel–, ir 1. – come. 2. /DAn, A/ – come /from/to/. 3. /A/ – reach /Ø/, get /to/. 4. /A/ – be (easy, difficult) /FOR/. 5. – appear /to/, seem /to/. → aklına gel–, başına gel–, elden gel–, geri gel–, gibi gel–, hatırına gel–, hoş geldin, içeriye gel–, içinden gel–, işine gel–, kolay gel–, kolay gelsin, lâzım gel–, safa geldiniz, sırası gel–, tuhaf gel–, yabancı gel–, zor gel–.

gelecek next, the coming.

gelip geç– – come and go.

gelin bride.

genç 1. young. 2. youth, young person.

genç kızlık young girlhood.

gençlik youth, young people.

geniş spacious.

gerçek the truth.

gerçekler realities, facts.

gerçekten really.

gerek– – have to, require, necessitate.

gerekli required, necessary.

gergin tense, on edge.

geri 1. back, the place or space behind. 2. the past, the period gone by.

geri dön– – turn back, turn around, come back, return.

geri gel– – come back, return.

geri götür– – take back.

geride / gerilerde bırak– – leave behind.

geride / gerilerde kal– – remain behind, remain in the past.

geriye at– – postpone.

geriye dön– (for sb) – turn away.

getir– /A/ – bring, fetch /for/to/.

gez– – go about, tour.

gezdir– – show around, take around. → göz gezdir–.

gezi trip. → balayı gezisine çık–.

gibi 1. like. 2. as. 3. just as. 4. as if, as though. bal gibi, eskiden olduğu gibi, eskisi gibi, gül gibi, her zamanki gibi.

gibi gel– /A/ – seem, appear /to/.

gir– /A/ – go /into/, enter /Ø/. → gözüne uyku girme–, içeriye gir–, yoluna gir–.

git–, gider /A/ 1.  – go /to/. 2. (for sth) – run out, be spent, be used up. 3. – attend (school). 4. (for things) – go, proceed (in a certain way). 5. – die. 6. – act, operate (in a certain way). → çıkıp git–, göçüp git–, güle güle git–, gurbete git–, hoşuna git–, kendi kafanın bildiğine git–, kalktı / kalkıp git–, rast git–, sürgüne git–, tuhafına git–, yurt dışına git–.

gitti (following a verb in the past tense) completely, utterly.

giy– – put on (clothing, etc.), – wear (clothing).

gizli secretly, in secret.

göç– /DAn, A/ 1. – migrate, emigrate /from, to/. 2. – pass on, die, depart /from/ this world.

göçüp git– /DAn/ – pass on, die, depart /from/ this world.

göğüs, -ğsü breast, bosom.

gölge shadow.

gölgele– – cast a shadow over.

gölgelik 1. shady spot. 2. shady.

gönder– /A/ – send /to/ /for/.

gör–, ür 1. – see. 2. – see, regard, consider. 3. – realize. → gözü görme–, mazur gör–, rüya gör–, suçlu gör–, uygun gör–.

göre /A/ 1. according /to/, in accordance /with/, proper /to/, right /for/. 2. /—DIğInA/ seeing that, seeing as how, since, now that.

görün– 1. – appear, come into sight. 2. – be seen, turn up. 3. – appear to be, seem to be, look like. 4. – look, seem, appear.

görünüş appearance.

görüş– /lA/ 1. – meet /with/, visit /with/, look up. 2. – have a discussion or interview /with/.

göster– 1. – show. 2. – demonstrate. → alâka göster–, anlayış göster–, anlayışsızlık göster–, gayret göster–, haklı göster–, hassasiyet göster–, nezaket göster–, saygı göster–, tepki göster–, yol göster–.

gösteriş 1. showing, demonstration. 2. showing off, ostentation.

gösteriş yarışı a contest of finery.

gösteriş yarışına çık– – set out on a show-off contest.

götür– /A/ – take sth/sb /to/. → geri götür–.

göz 1. eye. 2. view, opinion. 3. compartment. → torpido gözü.

göz gezdir– – glance through.

göz kulak ol– /A/ – watch /over/, keep an eye /on/.

göz önüne al– – take into consideration (lit. to the front of the eye).

göz yaşları tears.

göze al– – consider, risk (lit. take to the eye).

gözü görme– – be unable to see anything.

gözü iliş– /A/ – notice, become aware of.

gözü yolda kal– – be expecting sb to come (lit. for his eye to remain on the road).

gözünden kaç– – escape notice.

gözüne uyku girme– – not get to sleep (lit. for sleep not to enter the eye).

gurbet, -ti 1. life outside one’s homeland, abroad. 2. abroad, a foreign land.

gurbete git– – go abroad, go /to/ a foreign land.

gurup group.

gusur dialect for kusur fault, defect.

gusura kalma– excuse (lit. not to remain /to/ the fault).

güç difficult, hard.

gül rose.

gül gibi very well, splendidly.

gül– 1. – laugh. 2. – be happy.

Güle güle. 1. Bye-bye. / Good-bye. (lit. laughingly; said by the person staying when the one leaving has said Allaha ısmarladık). 2. with pleasure.

Güle güle git– – have a pleasant journey, a good trip (lit. – go laughingly; usually in the imperative: Güle güle gidin[iz] Have a pleasant journey. Güle güle gitsin. May he have a pleasant journey.)

gülüş laughter, smiles.

gün day. → bugün, bugünkü, bugünlerde, ertesi gün, geçen gün, hareket günü, her gün / hergün, iyi günler, kötü günler, o gün, o günkü, o günler, pazar günü.

günah sin.

Günaydın. Good morning.

gündüzleri during the day, days.

günlük 1. for a day. 2. daily.

günlük yaşayış daily life.

güven confidence.

güven hissi a feeling of confidence.

güven– /A/ – trust /Ø/ sb.

güzel 1. lovely, nice, beautiful, attractive. 2. good.

güzel güzel nicely, calmly, quietly.

güzellik beauty (the abstract quality).

H

Top A B C Ç D E F G Ğ H I İ J K L M N O Ö P R S Ş T U Ü V Y Z

Ha Oh, I see. / Oh by the way (an expression of sudden understanding, remembrance).

Haa Oh, I see. / Oh by the way (an expression of sudden understanding, remembrance; an emphatic form of Ha above).

haber news.

haber ver– /A/ – inform /Ø/, let sb know.

hadi (.’.) (colloquial form of haydi) 1. come on (a word of urging, encouragement). 2. well anyway, but anyway.

hadise (-..) event.

hafifçe (..’.) slowly.

hafiflet– – lighten, bring relief, ease.

hafta week. → geçen hafta.

hafta sonu weekend.

hak, -kkı right, what is due, deserved.

hak ver– /A/ – admit, acknowledge sb to be right.

hakkını öde– – repay sb, pay sb what he is owed.

hakikat, -ti (.-.) the truth.

hakikaten (.-‘..) really, truly.

hakkında of, about, concerning.

hakkındaki adj. of, about.

hakkını öde– hak

haklı right, correct.

haklı göster– – justify (lit. – show [as] right).

haklı ol– – be right, correct.

haksız wrong, not right.

1. hal, -li state, condition, demeanor. → herhalde / her halde, o halde.

hali vakti yerinde well-off, well-to-do, wealthy, of means.

2. hal, -lli solution, resolution (of a problem).

hal yoluna gir– – enter upon the road to a solution, be on the way to being solved.

hâlâ (-‘ -) still, yet.

halbuki (..’.) but, however, yet.

hallet– (.’.) - solve a problem, resolve a matter.

hallol– (.’.) - be resolved, be solved.

halt, -tı mix-up, improper act.

hanfendi (.’..) (a common pronunciation of hanımefendi (..’…)) madame.

hangi (.’.) which, what.

hanım 1. lady, woman. 2. hanım (the equivalent of Mrs., Ms., Miss, but used after a first name). 3. lady of the house. 4. wife. 5. dear (when a husband is addressing his wife).

hareket, -ti 1. act. 2. departure. 3. movement.

hareket et– 1. – do, act, behave. 2. /A/ – set out /for/, depart /for/.

hareket günü day of departure.

hareketsiz motionless.

hasret, -ti longing.

hasret– – miss.

hasretle with longing, longingly.

hassasiyet, -ti (.-..) sensitivity.

hassasiyet göster– – show sensitivity.

hasta sick, ill.

hastalan– – get sick, take sick, become ill.

hastalık illness, sickness.

haşla– – give a dressing down, severe scolding.

hat telephone line.

hata (.-) mistake.

hata işle– – make a mistake.

hatır mind.

hatırına gel– occur to, come to sb’s mind.

hatıra (-..) 1. memory, recollection, thing remembered. 2. keepsake.

hatırla– – remember, recall. → yanlış hatırla–.

hatırlat– /A/ – remind /Ø/ sb of sth.

hatta (.’-) in fact.

hava 1. weather. 2. mood. → matem havası.

havadis (.-.) (noteworthy) piece of news, important news.

havagazı, -nı (..’..) (coal) gas.

Hay hay. (.’.) Of course. / Certainly.

hayal, -li 1. illusion, fancy, pipe dream. 2. indistinct image.

hayal peşinde koş– – chase pipe dreams.

hayat, -tı life.

hayatı boyunca throughout his life.

hayatta 1. in (this) life, in the world (lit. in life). 2. alive.

1. hayır (.’.) no.

2. hayır, -yrı good, benefit.

hayırlı good, beneficial.

hayırsız good-for-nothing.

hayli (.’.) a lot. → bir hayli.

hayran /A/ awe /OF/.

Hayrola. (.’..) I hope it’s good. (lit. Let it be good.)

hazır ready, prepared.

hazırla– /A/ – prepare, fix sth /for/. → kahvaltı hazırla–.

hazırlan– 1. – be prepared. 2. – prepare oneself, get oneself ready.

hazırlık preparation.

hediye present, gift.

hele (.’.) 1. especially, particularly, first off. 2. in fact, indeed. 3. just (with a verb in the imperative or subjunctive).

hem and besides.

hemen (.’.) 1. right away, right now, at once. 2. almost, nearly.

henüz (.’.) 1. just, only just. 2. still, yet (in negative sentences).

hep, -pi 1. entirely, all (together). 2. always.

hep beraber all together.

hep birlikte all together.

hepiniz all of you, you all.

hepsi, -ni (.’.) all of it, all of them.

her every, each.

her gün / hergün every day.

her halde herhalde.

her ne şekilde olursa olsun no matter what the circumstances, no matter what.

her sabah every morning.

her şey herşey.

her türlü all kinds of.

her yer everywhere.

her yerde everywhere, at every place.

her zaman always.

her zamanki gibi as always.

herhalde / her halde (.’..) 1. probably, most likely. 2. surely, certainly, of course, no doubt.

herhangi (..’.) whichever, whatever, anything.

herhangi bir şey anything.

herkes (.’.) 1. everyone, everybody. 2. anybody.

herşey / her şey everything.

hesap 1. bill, account, money owed. 2. account, consideration.

hesaba kat– – take into account, consider.

hesabını öde– – pay sb’s bill.

hesap ver– – give an accounting, come clean.

heveslen– /A/ – take it into one’s head /to/, feel the desire /to/.

heyecan 1. eagerness, excitement, anticipation. 2. anxiety. 3. suspense.

heyecan duy– – feel excitement.

heyecanda bırak– – leave sb in suspense, anticipation.

heyecanla 1. anxiously, fearfully, with anxiety. 2. thrilled, enthusiastically. 3. with great anticipation, eagerly (lit. with excitement).

heyecanlandır– – move, excite.

heyecanlı excited.

hıçkıra hıçkıra sound of sobbing.

hıçkıra hıçkıra ağla– – sob.

hıçkırık (a) sob.

Hım. / Hımm. Oh. / Hmm. (indicates that a thought has come to mind, that sth requires thought).

hırçın irritable, ill-tempered.

hız 1. speed. 2. force.

hızla (.’.) 1. rapidly. 2. with force, forcefully (lit. with speed, with force).

hızlı hurried, rapid.

hiç, -çi 1. never, not at all. 2. (in questions and negative sentences) ever; at all. 3. nothing, nothing at all.

hiç bir (.’.) (used with a negative verb) no … at all, not … at all, not … any.

hiç bir şekilde (used with a negative verb) in no way, not in any way, not at all, nohow.

hiç bir şey (used with a negative verb) not anything, nothing, nothing at all, not a thing.

hiç bir yer (used with a negative verb) nowhere, not anywhere.

hiç bir zaman (used with a negative verb) never, not ever.

hiç biri, -ni (.’..) (used with a negative verb) none of them, not one of them.

hiç olmazsa at least.

hiddet, -ti anger, fury.

hiddetle angrily.

Hiii! Wow!

hikâye (.-.) story.

his, -ssi feeling. → acıma hissi, güven hissi.

his duy– /A karşı/ – have a feeling, feel /toward/.

hisset– – feel.

hissiz without feeling.

hitap the act of addressing sb.

hitap et– /A, diye/ – address /Ø, as/, speak /to, as/.

hoplat– – make jump, make skip a heart beat.

hoş 1. pleasant, agreeable, nice. 2. pleasure. 3. pleasantly. 4. proper. 5. strange, odd, peculiar. 6. good, fortunately.

Hoş bulduk. Glad to be here.

Hoş geldin. / Hoş geldiniz. Welcome. Hi.

hoş karşılan– – be approved of.

hoşça pleasantly.

Hoşça kalın. Good-bye.

hoşlan– /DAn/ – like /Ø/, get pleasure /from/.

hoşuna git– (for sth) – please, appeal to.

huzur tranquility, peace, calm.

huzursuzluk unease, uneasiness.

huzuru kaç– for the tranquility of a place – flee.

hüzün, -znü sadness, melancholy.

hüzün kapla– /içini/ for sadness – come over sb (lit. – cover one’s inside, one’s heart).

I

Top A B C Ç D E F G Ğ H I İ J K L M N O Ö P R S Ş T U Ü V Y Z

ısıt– – heat up.

ısmarla– /A/ 1. – commend /to/. 2. – order sth /FOR/. → Allaha ısmarladık.

ısrar insistence, persistence.

ısrar et– /DA/üzerinde/ – persist /IN/, insist /ON/. 

ışık light.

ızdırap suffering, distress.

ızdırap çek– – endure suffering, distress.

İ

Top A B C Ç D E F G Ğ H I İ J K L M N O Ö P R S Ş T U Ü V Y Z

icap (-.) requirement.

icap et– – be required, be necessary.

iç, -çi 1. the inside, interior. 2. the interior of a person, heart.

iç açıcı cheerful (lit. cheering, that makes cheerful).

iç– – drink, have a drink.

içerde inside (location).

içerden from inside.

içeri inside, inner part.

içeriye inside, to the inside (motion to).

içeriye at– – hop in.

içeriye gel– – come inside, in.

içeriye gir– – come in, enter.

için 1. for. 2. /—mAk/—mAsI/ to, in order to. 3. /onun/ (that’s) why, because (of that). 4. /—DIğI/ because. 

içinde 1. inside, within, in (a space, an emotional state). 2. within, in the space of, during (a time period). 3. among. 4. covered with, drenched in.

içindeki 1. noun what is inside, contents. 2. adj. inside.

içinden from inside. 

içinden gel– – feel like (lit. – come from inside).

içine to the inside (motion to). 

içki (a) drink.

içki bardağı glass for alcoholic drinks.

içki kullan– – drink alcoholic drinks, drink (habitually).

içkiyi fazla kaçır– – have too much to drink.

içlen– /A/DAn/ – be, become depressed /by/.

idam (.-) capital punishment, execution.

idam sehpası gallows.

idare (.-.) managing, management.

idare et– – manage.

idari (.- -) administrative.

iğreti / eğreti ill-fitting (clothing).

ihmal, -li neglecting, neglect.

ihmal et– – neglect.

ihtiyaç /A/ need /for/, necessity /for/.

iken while, while being.

iki 1. two, 2. (occasionally) a small amount.

iki lâf et– – chat a bit.

ikiniz the two of you, you two.

ikisi the two (of them).

ikna, -aı (.-) convincing, persuading.

ikna et– – convince.

ikram /A/ (an) offering, a giving (food, drink, cigarettes, etc.) /to/ sb.

ikram et– /A/ – offer /to/.

iktisadî (..- -) economic.

ilaç medicine.

ilan (.-) announcement, ad.

ilân sayfası help-wanted page.

ile / -(y)lA (i.e., attached forms –(y)la / -(y)le). 1. with, together with. 2. and. 3. as a result of, through, by means of. 

ile beraber 1. together with, along with. 2. when, at the same time that.

ile birlikte together with.

ilerde = ileride in the future.

ileri 1. the front. 2. forward.

ileri sür– – put forward, advance, set forth (ideas, excuses).

ileride = ilerde in the future.

ilerisi, -ni the future, the future of it.

ilerle– /DAn, A doğru/ – move forward /from, toward/, /A doğru/ head /for/, /A doğru/ make one’s way /toward/, advance. → ağır ağır ilerle–.

ilgilendir– – concern, be of concern to.

ilgili /lA/ regarding /Ø/, concerning /Ø/.

iliş– /A/ – latch on /to/, fall /upon/. → gözü iliş–.

ilişki /lA/ relations /with/.

ilişki kur– /lA/ – establish relations /with/, take up /with/.

ilk first, elementary, primary.

ilk defa the first time, for the first time, first.

ilk okul primary school, elementary school.

ilk olarak for the first time, first.

iltifat, -ti compliment.

imkân /A/ 1. possibility /for/OF/, /to/. 2. chance, opportunity /for/to/.

imkânsız impossible.

imzalan– – be signed.

in– /DA/ – get off /at/ (a place), /DAn/ – get out /of/ (a vehicle).

inan– /A/ – believe /Ø/ sb/sth, believe /Ø/ that, be convinced /Ø/ that.

inandır– /A/ make sb believe /Ø/ sth, convince sb /Ø/ that.

inceleme an examining.

insan person, human being, someone, fellow.

inşallah (.’..) God willing, I hope.

intibak, -kı /A/ adapting /to/, adaptation /to/.

intibak et– /A/ – adapt /to/, adjust /to/.

ip, -pi 1. light rope, cord; string. 2. thread.

iple çek– /I/ – be anxiously waiting for, counting the days until.

irkil– – be suddenly frightened.

ise as for, but.

iskemle (..’.) chair without arms, stool.

İstanbul (..’.) Istanbul. 

istasyon railway station.

iste– 1. – want, wish. 2. – ask for, call for.

istifade (..-.) /DAn/ taking advantage /of/.

istirahat, -ti rest, resting.

istirahat et– – rest.

1. work, labor. 2. job, employment, work. 3. business venture. 4. matter, issue. 5. purpose.

işçi worker.

işin başı head of the business establishment.

işin başına geç– – take over the business (lit. – pass to the head of the business).

işine gel– – suit one’s purpose, serve one’s interests.

işit– – hear.

işle- 1. - commit, make. 2. – embroider. → hata işle-. 

işlemeli embroidered.

işte so you see, so, there it is, that’s … for you, well.

İşte böyle. So that’s where things stand. / Now you see how it is. / That’s how it is.

itham blame, accusation.

itham et– – blame, accuse.

itiraf (-..) confession, admission.

itiraz (-..) objection, disapproval.

itiraz et– /A/ – object /to/.

iyi good, well, fine. → daha iyi.

İyi akşamlar. Good evening.

iyi et– /lA/ – do the right thing /by/.

İyi geceler. Good night.

iyi günler good days, good times.

iyi kötü 1. as best one can, in one way or another, somehow. 2. not badly, fairly good.

iyice quite, pretty, thoroughly.

iyileş– – get well, recover.

iyimser optimistic.

iyisi the good one of → en iyisi.

izah (-.) explaining, explanation.

izah et– /A/ – explain /to/.

izahat, -tı (- -.) explanation.

izahat ver– – give an explanation.

izin, -zni leave, permission.

izin al– – get time off from work, get a leave.

izin yap– – take time off from work, take a leave.

Izmir (.’.) Izmir (By the Aegean sea and formerly known as Smyrna, it is Turkey’s second largest port city after Istanbul.) 

J

K

Top A B C Ç D E F G Ğ H I İ J K L M N O Ö P R S Ş T U Ü V Y Z

kaba 1. rude. 2. rudely.

kaba davran– /A karşı/ – be rude /to/, behave rudely /to/.

kabul consent, acceptance, agreement.

kabul et– – consent, accept, agree to.

kabullen– – accept reluctantly, grudgingly.

kâbus (-.) nightmare.

kâbuslu (-..) nightmarish.

kaç how many. → bir kaç / birkaç.

kaç– /DAn/ – flee, escape /from/. → gözünden kaç–, huzuru kaç–.

kaçır– 1. – carry to an extreme, go too far. 2. – upset (sb). 3. – cause to flee. → içkiyi fazla kaçır–, keyfini kaçır–, ölçüyü kaçır–.

kadar 1. as … as. 2. as much as. 3. /A/ up /to/, down /to/, as far as (a place); until /Ø/, up /to/, down /to/ (a time); to (an extent, a degree). 4. about, approximately. → bir dereceye kadar, bugüne kadar, bu kadar, ne kadar, o ana kadar, o kadar.

kadarcık little bit.

kader fate, destiny.

kadın woman.

kadıncağız the poor woman.

kafa 1. head. 2. mind. 3. state of mind, view, outlook, feelings. → kendi kafanın bildiğine git–.

kafasını kullan– – use one’s head.

kafasını kurcala– – trouble (lit. – irritate one’s mind).

kafasız foolish (lit. headless).

kafayı vurup yat– – hit the sack, hit the hay.

kâfi (- -) enough, sufficient.

kağıt / kâğıt 1. paper. 2. card, playing card. 3. paper document.

kağıt oyna– – play cards.

kahkaha loud laugh.

kahkahalar at– – laugh loudly.

kahvaltı, -yı breakfast.

kahvaltı hazırla– – prepare, fix breakfast. 

kahve 1. coffee. 2. coffee house. → yorgunluk kahvesi.

kahve pişir– /A/ – make coffee /for/.

kal–, —ır 1. – remain, be left. 2. /DA/ – remain, stay /in/ (a place). 3. /DA/ – remain, be /in/ (a state or condition). 4. /DAn/ /A/ (for sth) – remain /from/ sb (as inheritance, etc.) /to/. 5. /A/ (for time) – remain /to/. → baş başa kal–, geç kal–, geride / gerilerde kal–, gözü yolda kal–, gusura / kusura kalma–, Hoşça kalın, lüzum kalma–, mecbur kal–, memnun kal–, yalnız kal–, zorunda kal–.

kalabalık 1. crowd. 2. crowded.

kaldır– /DAn/ – remove /from/, drop, do away /with/.

kalem 1. pencil. 2. pen.

kalk– /DAn/ 1. – get up, rise, stand up /from/. 2. – set out /from/. → yerinden kalk.

kalktı / kalkıp git– /A/ – up and go off /to/.

kalp, -bi heart.

kalbi çarp– for one’s heart – beat.

kalp çarpıntısı palpitation of the heart, pounding of the heart.

kalpli hearted, having a (certain kind of) heart.

kamyon truck.

kanaat, -ti opinion, view.

kanepe (..’.) couch, sofa, settee.

kanlılık bloodedness. → serin kanlılık.

kap karanlık kapkaranlık.

kapa– 1. – turn off (stove). 2. – close (eyes).

kapak cover.

kapan– 1. – be closed, close. 2. – throw oneself over (desk, table).

kapat– 1. – drop (a subject). 2. – hang up (telephone). → bahsi kapat–, telefonu kapat–.

kapı door. → çıkış kapısı, sokak kapısı.

kapı çal– (for a doorbell) – ring (lit. for the door to ring).

kapı çalın– (for a doorbell) – be rung, – ring, (for a door) – be knocked on, for there – be a knock on the door.

kapı vurul– (for sb) – be knocking on the door (lit. for the door to be knocked).

kapıdan çık– – go out the door.

kapıyı çek– – open the door (lit. – pull the door).

kapıyı vurup çık– – leave slamming the door, slam the door and leave.

kap karanlık / kapkaranlık completely dark, terribly dark.

kapla– – come over, spread over. → hüzün kapla–.

kaptır– /A/ – let oneself fall /into/ the hands of.

kar snow.

kara 1. black. 2. severe.

kara kara pessimistically, gloomily (lit. blackly).

kara kara düşün– – brood, think gloomy or unpleasant thoughts.

kara kış severe winter weather

karanlık darkness. → gecenin karanlığında.

karar decision, resolve.

karar ver– /A/ – decide /to/, make a decision /to/.

karara var– – reach a decision, decide.

kararlaştır– (for people together) – decide upon (a time, place, etc.), agree upon.

kararlı determined, decided.

kardeş 1. brother, sister. 2. dear (informal address of affection).

karı wife, (female) spouse.

karı koca couple, man and wife.

karıcım standard = karıcığım dear (lit. dear wife).

karın, -nı stomach.

karnı tok for one’s stomach to be full.

karnı zil çal– for one’s stomach – be growling, – be very hungry, starving (lit. for one’s stomach to be ringing the bell).

karnını doyur– – feed, fill one’s stomach.

karış– /A/ – get involved /in/.

karışık jumbled, mixed, confused.

karıştır– rummage, search about in.

karmakarışık (..’…) utterly conflicting, thoroughly confused.

karşı 1. the place facing, opposite, across from. 2. /A/ toward, for.

karşı karşıya /lA/ face to face /with/.

karşısına çık– – appear suddenly in front of, in sb’s presence.

karşısında facing, opposite (him, it), in the face of, faced with.

karşıla– 1. – react to in a certain way, regard, look upon, see, find. 2. – meet, welcome, greet.

karşılan– – be regarded in a certain way. → hoş karşılan–.

karşılaş– /lA/ – come face to face /with/.

karşılık sth given in return.

kart postcard.

kasaba (..’.) small town, large village.

kastet- /I/ (.’.) – mean, refer to.

kat, -tı 1. story, floor in a building. 2. condominium.

kat– /A/ 1. – add /to/. 2. – include /IN/ a consideration of an issue. → hesaba kat–.

katî (.-) firm, decisive.

katlan– /A/ – put up /with/, bear /Ø/, endure /Ø/.

kavga fight, quarrel.

kavga et– /lA/ – fight /with/, have a fight /with/.

kavuştur– – reunite. → Allah kavuştursun.

kay– /DAn/ – slip /from/, slide down /from/.

kaybol– – disappear, get lost.

kayıt, -ydı registration, registering.

kaynana (.’..) mother-in-law.

kaza (.-) accident. → araba kazası.

kazan– 1. – earn. 2. – get an advantage. → para kazan–.

kazanç earnings, winnings.

kelime word.

kelli felli (..’..) dignified and well-dressed.

kemir– – gnaw.

kenar side, edge, shore, curb (of road). → deniz kenarı, yol kenarı.

kenara çek– – pull off to the side of the road.

1. kendi adj. own, self (invariable; the noun that follows has a possessor suffix).

kendi kafanın bildiğine git– – do exactly what one wants, act according to one’s own desires.

2. kendi noun 1. himself, herself. 2. he, she.

kendileri 3rd pers. pl. 1. themselves. 2. they.

kendiliğinden of his own accord.

kendilik phil. entity, selfness, selfhood.

kendim 1st pers. sing. 1. myself. 2. me.

kendimiz 1st pers. pl. 1. ourselves. 2. we.

kendin 2nd pers. sing. 1. yourself. 2. you.

kendiniz 2nd pers. pl. 1. yourself, yourselves. 2. you.

kendisi 3rd pers. sing. 1. himself, herself. 2. he, she.

kere time, instance, occasion. → bir kere.

-kes person → herkes.

kes– – cut, sever. → alâka kes–. 

kesil– 1. – be cut, cut off, stopped. 2. – suddenly become, turn suddenly into.

kesinleş– – be settled, finalized.

kestir– – figure out, determine.

keşki (more common form today: keşke) (.’.) (usually used with a following conditional form of a verb) I wish, if only.

keyif, -yfi pleasure, enjoyment.

keyfine bak– – enjoy oneself, see to one’s own pleasure.

keyfini kaçır– – upset, spoil one’s good mood.

kıpırda– – stir, move slightly.

kır countryside, rural area.

kır– 1. – break. 2. – offend, hurt. → cesaretini kır–, pot kır–.

kırgınlık resentment.

kısa short.

kısa zamanda in a short time, soon, in no time at all.

kısaca (..’.) briefly, in short.

kısım, -smı part.

kıskandır– – make jealous.

kısmet, -ti fate.

kısmet olursa if fate ordains.

kış winter. → kara kış

kışlık for winter.

kıyafet, -ti (.-.) 1. outfit, clothes. 2. a person’s overall appearance.

kıyı shore.

kız 1. girl. 2. daughter.

kızım my girl, dear, my child, (my) young lady.

kız– /A/ – be angry /AT/with/, that /Ø/. 

kızar– – blush, become red.

kızgınlık anger.

kızlık girlhood.

ki 1. that. 2. so, to such an extent that (for emphasis). 3. but, after all (indicates frustration, annoyance, disapproval). 4. when, just when. 5. (expresses doubt, uncertainty). → o kadar … ki, öyle … ki, yeter ki.

kibar well-bred, refined.

kilit lock, padlock.

kim who.

kimse 1. someone, somebody, person. 2. anyone, anybody. 3. no one, nobody (with a negative verb).

kira (.-) rent (money).

kirasını ver– – pay the rent of (lit. – pay its rent).

kişi person.

kitap book.

klâsik 1. classic. 2. the usual cliché.

1. koca husband. → karı koca.

2. koca fully grown, adult.

kocacığım dear (lit. my dear husband).

kocaman quite grown-up.

koku scent.

koku kullan– – use scents, perfume.

kol arm.

kolları / kollarını sıva– – roll up one’s sleeves (and get busy).

kolundan tut– – take by the arm.

kolay easy.

kolay gel– /A/ – be easy /for/ (lit. – come easy to).

Kolay gelsin! I hope it’s going smoothly. / I hope it will go smoothly. (said to sb who is doing or planning to do a task).

kolaylık ease, easiness.

kolaylık ver– – make easy.

koltuk armchair.

komşu neighbor. → konu komşu.

konu subject, topic, matter.

konu aç– – take up a matter, bring up a matter.

konu komşu (..’ ..) the neighbors, the whole neighborhood.

konuş– 1. /lA/ – talk /to/ /with/ /by means of/, speak. 2. /I/ – talk /about/, discuss /Ø/. → arkasından konuş–.

konuşma remark, talk, conversation.

konuşul– /lA/ – be discussed /with/.

kopar– /DAn/ – tear out /from/OF/.

kopart– – pull off, break off.

kork– /DAn/ – fear /Ø/, be afraid /OF/.

korku fear.

koş– 1. /A, DAn/ – run /to, from/. 2. /peşinde/peşinden/ – run /after/, pursue. → /peşinde/peşinden/ koş–.

kov– – fire, lay off.

kovala– – chase, follow one another in rapid succession.

koy– /A/ – put /IN/, place /IN/. → yoluna koy–. 

koyul– /A/ – set out /ON/ (road). → yola koyul–.

köfte kofta, small grilled meat patty.

köklü well-established (lit. rooted, having [firm] roots).

kömür coal.

kör blind.

kör kuyu dried up well.

köşe corner. → aklının köşesinden geç–.

kötü 1. bad, terrible. 2. negative. 3. malicious, evil. → iyi kötü.

kötü düşünceli malicious (lit. bad-thinking).

kötü günler bad days, hard times.

kucak lap (section of the human body).

kucağındaki adj. which is in his lap, in his lap.

kucakla– – embrace.

kulak ear. → göz kulak ol–.

kulak as– /A/ – pay attention /to/, heed /Ø/ (lit. – hang one’s ear on).

kulak ver– /A/ – listen carefully /to/ (lit. – give ear to).

kullan– 1. – use. 2. – use cigarettes or alcholol, – smoke or drink. → içki kullan–, kafasını kullan–, koku kullan–.

kulüp nightclub.

kur– – establish, found, set up. → ilişki kur–, yuva kur–.

kurcala– – trouble, vex. → kafasını kurcala–, zihnini kurcala–.

kurtar– /DAn/ – rescue, save /from/.

kurtul– 1. /DAn/ – get away /from/, be rid /of/, escape /from/. 2. /DAn/ – slip /through/ (fingers, hand).

kurul– /A/ – settle oneself /into/ (a chair).

kuruntu unfounded suspicion.

kuruş kurush, groschen (unit of Turkish currency).

kusur fault, defect.

kusura bakma– – excuse (lit. not to look at the fault).

kuşku doubt.

kutsal sacred.

kuvvet strength.

kuyu well (for water). → kör kuyu.

kuzu lamb.

kuzum my lamb, my dear (expression of affection).

küçük 1. little, small. 2. little one, child.

küçüklük mean-spiritedness, small-mindedness.

küçümse– /I/ – look down /on/upon/.

külçe heap.

külfet burden.

L

Top A B C Ç D E F G Ğ H I İ J K L M N O Ö P R S Ş T U Ü V Y Z

lâf / laf 1. remark; word. 2. chat, conversation. 3. mention, mentioning. 4. nonsense.

lâf dinle– – listen, heed advice.

lâf et– – chat, say a word about, mention.

lâf söyle– – say words, pronounce words.

laubâli / laubali / lâubali (-.- -) overly familiar, too casual, impertinent.

laubâli bir şekilde in an overly casual way.

lâyık (-.) /A/ worthy /OF/.

lâzım (-.) necessary.

lâzım gel– – be necessary.

lira (.’.) lira, pound (unit of Turkish currency). 

lisan language.

lise (.’.) lyceé, high school.

lüks luxurious, imposing, upscale.

lütfen (.’.) please.

lüzum /A/ necessity, need /for/.

lüzum kalma– /A/ for there – be no need /to/ (lit. for the need for sth not to remain).

lüzumlu necessary, needed.

lüzumunu duy– – feel the need for.

M

Top A B C Ç D E F G Ğ H I İ J K L M N O Ö P R S Ş T U Ü V Y Z

maalesef (.-‘..) unfortunately.

mağaza (..’.) large store.

mahcubiyet, -ti (.-..) embarrassment, shyness.

mahkûm person under sentence, convict.

mahzur objection, inconvenience.

maka şaka maka.

makine (..’.) 1. machine. 2. typewriter. → yazı makinesi.

makul, -lü (-.) reasonable, sensible.

mal property.

malum (-.) known, clear, evident.

mâna (- -) meaning, sense.

mâna ver– /A/ – understand, comprehend (lit. – give meaning /to/).

manasız (- -.) meaningless, foolish, dumb.

mâni, -ii / -yi (- -) hindrance, obstacle. 

mantık logic.

mantıklı logical, reasonable.

manzara (.’..) view.

mark mark (unit of German currency).

masa (.’.) 1. table. 2. desk.

masraf expenses.

matem (-.) mourning.

matem havası mood of mourning.

mazi (- -) the past.

mazur (-.) excused, excusable.

mazur gör– – excuse, pardon.

mecbur /A/ obliged /to/, obligated /to/.

mecbur kal– /A/ – be forced to, be obliged to, have to do sth.

mecburen (.-‘.) of necessity.

mecburiyet, -ti (.-..) compulsion, obligation, necessity.

mehtap full moon.

mektup letter.

memleket, -ti 1. country (political unit). 2. homeland, native land, fatherland, motherland. 3. hometown, native region of the country.

memnun /A/DAn/ pleased /with/, glad, satisfied, happy.

memnun kal– – be pleased (lit. – remain pleased).

memnun ol– /A/ – be pleased /with/that/.

Memnun oldum. Pleased to meet you. / Delighted.

memnuniyet, -ti (.-..) pleasure.

memnuniyetle (.-..’.) with pleasure, gladly.

memur (-.) employee, -man (as in gasman).

mendil handkerchief.

mendil sallan– for one’s handkerchief to be waved.

menfi (.-) negative.

merak, -kı 1. worry, concern. 2. curiosity.

merak et– 1. – worry, be concerned. 2. – be curious.

merakla eagerly, with curiosity.

meraklı curious, inquisitive, nosy.

merdiven stairs.

merdivenleri çık– – climb the stairs of.

Merhaba (.’..) Hello! / Hi!

merhamet, -ti mercy, pity.

merhametsiz mercyless, pitiless.

meselâ (.’.-) for example, for instance.

mesele problem, matter.

mesele aç– – bring up, take up a matter.

mesele yap– – make a big deal of, – blow up sth insignificant.

meslek profession, occupation.

meşgul, -lü /lA/ busy /with/, occupied /with/.

meşgul ol– /lA/ 1. – be busy /with/. 2. – get busy /with/, occupy oneself /with/. 3. – look /after/ (guests, children).

metin (.-) strong.

mevzu, -uu (.-) subject, topic.

mevzu aç– – bring up a subject, take up a matter.

mezar grave.

miktar amount, number.

millet, -ti folks, people.

minare (.-.) minaret.

misafir (.-.) guest, visitor.

modern modern.

moral, -li spirit, morale.

morali bozul– – be driven to despair, for one’s spirit to be broken.

moralini boz– – drive to despair, break one’s spirit.

muamele (.-..) procedure, process.

muhakkak certain, assured.

mutfak kitchen.

mutlu happy.

mutlu et– – make happy.

mutlu ol– 1. – be happy. 2. – become happy.

mutluluk happiness.

mücevher piece of jewelry.

müdafaa (.-..) defense, defending.

müdafaasını yap– – defend (lit. – do the defense of).

müddet, -ti period (of time), space of time, duration, while. → bir müddet, uzun müddet.

müessese establishment, organization.

mühim, -mi / -mmi important.

mühimse– – consider important.

mümkün possible.

münakaşa (.-..) /lA/ arguing, disputing /with/; argument, dispute /with/.

münakaşa et– /lA/ – argue /with/.

münasebetsiz (.-…) cheeky, tactless, impertinent.

münasip (.-.) /A/ appropriate /for/, suitable /for/.

Münih Munich. 

müracaat, -tı (.-..) applying, application.

müracaat et– /A/ – apply /to/.

müracaatını yap– – make one’s application.

müsade usually müsaade (.-..) permission.

bana müsade with your permission (abbreviated form of bana müsaade edin[iz], the imperative form of müsaade et–).

müsade et– /A/ 1. – permit, let. 2. – excuse.

Müsadenizle usually Müsaadenizle With your permission ....

müsait (.-.) convenient.

müstakbel adj. the future, to-be.

müşterek, -ki shared, in common, joint.

mütevazı, -ıı (..-.) modest, humble.

müthiş terrible.

müzik music.

N

Top A B C Ç D E F G Ğ H I İ J K L M N O Ö P R S Ş T U Ü V Y Z

nafile (-..) of no use, in vain. 

naklet- (.’.) /A/ – move sth or sb /to/.

namaz Islam. namaz prayer.

namlu barrel (of a cannon, rifle, handgun).

namzet candidate, prospect.

nane (-.) mint.

narkörlük usually nankörlük ingratitude, ungratefulness.

narkörlük et– – be ungrateful.

nasıl (.’.) 1. how? 2. as.

nasıl bir …? what kind of …?

nasıl olmuşsa somehow, somehow or other, however it happened.

nasıl olsa anyway, in any case.

nasip one’s share, what one is alloted.

nasip ol– /A/ – be granted, come one’s way.

nazar the evil eye.

nazar değ– /A/ for the evil eye to strike.

ne 1. what …? 2. what a ... (followed by a noun). 3. how ... (followed by an adjective). 4. whatever (followed by a verb in the conditional form). → daha ne?, daha ne kadar?

N’apalım = Ne yapalım.

ne biçim what kind of, what sort of (shows disapproval).

Ne bileyim. How should I know? / I just don’t know.

Ne çıkar? What harm is there in that? / What difference does it make? (lit. What will come out [of it]?)

ne de olsa in any case, nevertheless.

ne diye? why? (lit. saying what?)

Ne gibi? Like what? / What for example?

ne hali varsa görsün let him see what happens (lit. let him see whatever his condition is).

ne kadar 1. how much? how long? 2. ne kadar …! (My) how …! (lovely, etc.) 3. however much ….

ne … ne de neither … nor.

Ne o? 1. What’s the matter? 2. What’s going on? 3. Is sth wrong? (lit. What’s that?)

ne olursa olsun in any case, no matter what.

Ne oluyor? What’s going on? What’s happening?

N’olur = Ne olur Please (said imploringly).

ne şekilde in what way. → her ne şekilde.

Ne var ne yok? What’s up? / How are things going? (lit. What existent, what non-existent?)

Ne yapalım also N’apalım What can one do? / There’s no way out. (lit. What shall we do?)

Ne yazık ki Too bad (that) ….

Neyse. (= Ne ise.) Never mind. /Whatever. / Anyway. (lit. Whatever it is.)

ne zaman when.

neden why? what for?

Neden olmasın? Why not?

neden sonra sometime later, a while later.

nefes breath.

nefis glorious, splendid.

nefret hate.

nefret et– /DAn/ – hate /Ø/.

nere (.’.) what place? what part?

nerede (.’..) where?, where at? (position)

Nerede A nerede B. How can you compare A and B? / You can’t compare A and B. / A and B are poles apart. (lit. Where is A, where is B?)

nereden (.’..) from where? how?

neredeyse (.’…) soon.

nereye (.’..) where (to)?

neşe / neş’e joy.

neşesiz unhappy, downcast.

Neyse. (.’.) Never mind. / Well anyway. / Oh well.

nezaket, -ti (.-.) kind gesture, act of politeness, courtesy, kind concern.

nezaket göster– – show kind concern.

Niçin? (.’.) / (-‘.) (= Ne için) Why? / What for?

nihayet, -ti (.’-.) finally. 

nikâh / nikah marriage.

nimet, -ti (-.) benefit, advantage, God’s blessing.

nişan engagement, engagement party.

nişan töreni engagement party.

nişanlı engaged person, fiancé / fiancée.

Niye? Why? / What for?

niyet, -ti intention.

normal, -li normal, natural.

normal şekilde normally, in a normal way.

nüfus population.

O

Top A B C Ç D E F G Ğ H I İ J K L M N O Ö P R S Ş T U Ü V Y Z

o 1. he, she, it. 2. that, those.

o ana kadar until that moment.

o anda at that moment, just then.

o gün that day.

o günkü adj. that day’s.

o günler those days.

o halde in that case.

o kadar so, so much, that much, so often, too, to that extent.

o kadar … ki so … that, so … , too ….

o kadarcık that little bit.

o sabah that morning.

o sırada at that moment, at that point.

o şekilde in that way.

o zaman back then, at that time, then.

o zamana kadar by that time, by then.

o zamandan bu yana since then.

o zamanlar at that time.

ondan sonra after that.

ocak family, household.

oda room.

odun firewood.

oğlan boy.

oğul, -ğlu son. → el oğlu.

oku– 1. – read. 2. – study, attend school.

okuma yazma literacy, reading and writing.

okul school. → ilk okul.

okul çağı school age.

okul talebesi school student, schoolboy, schoolgirl.

okula ver– /A/ – enroll /IN/, send /to/ a school.

okumuşluk a good education.

okut– 1. – make it possible for sb to be educated. 2. (slang) – sell, let sth go.

ol–, ur 1. – become, come into being, come about. 2. – be. 3. – happen, occur. 4. – have (used with a noun with a possessed suffix, e.g. -sI ol–: Adamın parası olursa…. If a man has money…). → Afiyet olsun, Eksik olma / olmayın, eskiden olduğu gibi, Geçmiş olsun, hallol–, memnun ol–, nasıl olsa, nasip ol–, her ne şekilde olursa olsun, hiç olmazsa, kısmet olursa, ne olursa olsun, N’olur = Ne olur, Neden olmasın, sağ ol–, sağlık olsun, şükürler olsun, yolun / yolunuz açık olsun. 

olan 1. what happened, occurred. 2. the one who is or was.

olarak being, as. → ilk olarak, son olarak.

olay event, incident, occasion.

oldukça (..’.) rather, quite, pretty.

olun– (used to make passive verbs) → rica olun–.

olur OK, alright, sure, agreed, of course.

Oo.... Oh....

ora (.’.) that place.

orada there, in, at that place (position).

oradan from there, from that place (motion away from).

oralar there, those places, those parts, over there (an area usually larger than that indicated by ora)

oralara there, to those places, to those parts, over there (motion to an area usually larger than that indicated by oraya).

orası, -nı (.’..) 1. that place. 2. that issue, that matter.

oraya (.’..) there, to that place (motion to).

orta the middle.

ortada 1. in the middle, out there. 2. evident, obvious.

ortalık the area round about.

ortalıkda more commonly ortalıkta in the area round about.

otobüs bus.

otobüs bileti bus ticket.

otobüs durağı bus stop.

otur– 1. – sit. 2. /A/ – sit down /AT/ (a place, table), /IN/ (a chair), /to/ (a game, a meal). 3. /DA/ – live /AT/ /IN/ (a place).

oturt– – have sb sit down, – seat sb.

otuz thirty (often used to indicate a large number of items).

oyalan– – amuse oneself, distract oneself, get one’s mind off one’s troubles.

oyalı edged with a kind of embroidery.

oyna– /lA/ – play /with/. → kağıt oyna–.

oyuncak toy, plaything.

Ö

Top A B C Ç D E F G Ğ H I İ J K L M N O Ö P R S Ş T U Ü V Y Z

öbür the other.

öde– – pay (money, a bill). → hakkını öde–, hesabını öde–.

ödev homework.

Öff. Ugh! / Oof! (an expression of disgust).

öfke anger, fury, rage.

öfkeli angry, furious.

öğle noon.

öğle paydosu lunch break.

öğleden sonra afternoon, in the afternoon.

öğren– – learn, find out, get wind of.

öl–, ür – die.

ölçü measure.

ölçüsünü al– – take the measure of sth, test one’s ability to do sth.

ölçüyü kaçır– – exceed the (reasonable) measure, go too far.

ölü dead person.

ölüm death.

ömür, -rü life, life-span.

ön 1. front, the front part of sth. 2. the space in front of sth.

önce (.’.) ago.

önem importance.

öp– /DAn/ – kiss /ON/ (the cheeks, etc.).

örnek example.

ört– – cover.

örtü cloth covering.

öte the rest of.

öte beri 1. this and that, various things, a variety of things. 2. various.

öyle (.’.) 1. like that, that way, so, thusly. 2. such, like that.

öyle … ki so ….

öylece (.’..) like that, in that way.

öz real.

özel private.

özle– – miss (after an absence).

özlem (a) longing, (a) yearning.

özlemini çek– – long for sth.

özür, -rü pardon.

özür dile– – apologize, beg sb’s pardon.

P

Top A B C Ç D E F G Ğ H I İ J K L M N O Ö P R S Ş T U Ü V Y Z

paket, -ti pack, package.

palto (.’.) coat, overcoat.

para money.

para kazan– – earn money.

para yap– – make money, earn money. 

parça piece, part. → demir parçası, tahta parçası.

parçalan– – shatter, break into pieces.

parfüm perfume.

parılda– – glitter.

parla– – light up, shine.

park, -kı park.

parmak finger.

pasaport, -tu passport.

pastırma pastrami-like beef.

patırtı chirp, noise of a disturbance.

patron boss.

paydos (.’.) break, rest period (from work). öğle paydosu.

paydos saatleri time off of work (during the workday).

pazar Sunday.

pazar günü Sunday.

pazar sabahı Sunday morning.

peder father.

Peder bey. Father (formal, very polite way of referring to or addressing one’s father).

pek much, a lot, very, quite.

pekâlâ / pekâla / pek ala (.- -) 1. surely, most certainly. 2. alright, very well, very good, OK.

peki (.’.) (short for pek iyi) alright, OK.

pencere (.’..) window.

perde curtain.

perişan (.-.) distressed, suffering, miserable, beside oneself.

perişanlık (.-..) distress.

peron (railroad station) platform.

peş the space behind, the back, the rear. → hayal peşinde koş–.

peşinde / peşinden koş– – run after, pursue.

peşi sıra right behind.

peşin in advance.

peynir cheese.

pişir– – cook. → kahve pişir–.

pişman regretful.

pişmanlık regret.

pişmanlık duy– – regret, feel regret.

pişpirik pinochle, a card game.

plastik plastic.

posta (.’.) mail.

postacı (.’..) postman.

pot, -tu faux pas, misstep, gaffe.

pot kır– – commit a faux pas, say the wrong thing.

prensip principle.

proje planning, project.

R

Top A B C Ç D E F G Ğ H I İ J K L M N O Ö P R S Ş T U Ü V Y Z

Rab, -bbi the Lord, God.

radyo (.’.) radio.

rağmen (.’.) /A/ in spite /of/, despite /Ø/.

rahat, -tı 1. comfort, peace. 2. comfortable, in peace.

rahat bırak– – leave in peace.

rahat et– – be satisfied, at ease.

rahatça (..’.) comfortably.

rahatını boz– – give up one’s comfort, one’s comfortable state.

rahatsız 1. uncomfortable. 2. unwell, under the weather.

rahatsız et– – disturb.

rast (-) well, properly, smoothly, as they should.

rast git– (for things) – go well, smoothly.

rastla– /A/ – meet /Ø/, encounter /Ø/.

razı (-.) /A/ accepting /Ø/, agreeing /to/, consenting /to/, content /with/.

resim, -smi picture, photograph.

resim çek– – take pictures.

resim çekil– for pictures – be taken.

resim çektir– – have pictures taken.

resmî (.-) formal, official, ceremonial.

rica (.-) request, requesting.

rica et– – request sth of sb, request sb to do sth.

Rica ederim. 1. No, please (polite refusal). 2. By all means, please (polite agreement to a request). 3. No need to apologize (polite response to an apology).

rica olun– – be requested.

ricada bulun– /A/ – make a request /OF/ sb, ask a favor /OF/ sb.

röportaj a series of newspaper articles on a particular topic.

ruhen (-.) in spirit.

rüya (.-) dream.

rüya gör– – dream.

rüzgâr wind.

S

Top A B C Ç D E F G Ğ H I İ J K L M N O Ö P R S Ş T U Ü V Y Z

saadet, -ti (.-.) happiness.

saat, -ti 1. hour. 2. time, time of day. 3. clock. → çıkış saati, paydos saatleri, tren saati.

sabah morning. → bu sabah, ertesi sabah, her sabah, o sabah, pazar sabahı, yarın sabah.

sabah sabah so early in the morning, very early in the morning.

sabahleyin (..’..) in the morning.

sabırlı patient.

sabret– (.’.) – be patient.

saçma foolish.

saçma bul– – find foolish.

sadece (-‘..) only, merely.

safa (.-) pleasure.

Safa geldiniz. Welcome!

safha stage, phase (of life, of a project).

sağ healthy, alive.

sağ ol– – be healthy, alive. → Başınız sağ olsun.

Sağ ol. / Sağ olasın. Thank you.

sağ salim safe and sound.

sağla– – provide for, secure, assure. → fayda sağla–, geçimini sağla–.

sağlık good health, health. → baş sağlığı.

Sağlık olsun. (words of consolation) Never mind. / Don’t worry about it. / That’s alright.

sahi (-.) really, truly.

sahil (-.) shore.

sahil yolu shore road.

sahte phony, fake.

sakın mind you, take care, let’s just hope.

sakin (-.) peaceful, calm.

sakinleş– (-..) – calm down, become calm, peaceful.

sakla– 1. – hide. 2. – save, keep.

salim (-.) sound, healthy. → sağ salim.

sallan– 1. – be waved. 2. – be tossed about, – be flapping.

salon drawing room, living room.

san–, ır – think, suppose. 

sandık large chest, trunk.

saniye (-..) second (unit of time).

sanki (.’.) as if. 

sap– /A/ – turn /into/, make a turn /into/ (a street).

sarhoş drunk, tipsy.

sarılı /A/ wrapped /IN/.

sat– – sell.

satır (a) line of writing.

saye (-.) 1. obs. shadow. 2. protection.

sayesinde thanks to, because of.

sayfa page (of a book, etc.). → ilân sayfası.

saygı respect.

saygı göster– – show respect.

sayıkla– – talk in one’s sleep or while delirious.

sayıl– – be considered, counted.

Sayın Esteemed / Dear (usually before the name of a person when addressing him/her in a letter; also used when respectfully addressing the members of a group, e.g. passengers).

sebep /A/ reason /for/.

seç– /A/ – choose /for/, select /for/.

sehpa (.-) 1. tripod. 2. gallows. → idam sehpası.

sekreter secretary.

seksen eighty.

selam greeting.

sene year. → uzun seneler.

senelerce for years.

senelik lasting or extending over a period of (so many) years.

serin cool.

serin kanlılık cool-headedness (lit. cool-bloodedness).

serseri bum, tramp, hobo.

sert 1. hard (substance). 2. harsh (speech).

ses 1.sound, noise. 2. voice.

seslen– /A/ – call out /to/ sb, hail /Ø/ sb.

sessiz silent, quiet.

sessiz sessiz silently.

sessizlik silence, period of silence.

sev– – love, like, be fond of.

sevda (.-) 1. passionate love, passion. 2. wild idea, crazy idea.

sevgi love.

sevgilim darling, my darling.

sevin– /A/ – be pleased /with/ /at/ /about/.

sevinç joy, delight.

seviye level.

seyahat, -ti trip.

seyahate çık– – set off on a journey, take off on a trip, go on a trip.

seyrekleş– – become less frequent.

seyret– (.’.) observe, watch.

sez– – sense.

sezinle– – sense.

sıfır zero, nothing.

sıhhatli healthy.

sık (1. frequent.) 2. frequently.

sık– 1. – grit (one’s teeth). 2. – annoy, make uneasy, get on one’s nerves, upset. → canını sık–, dişini sık–.

sıkı firm, strict.

sıkı sıkı strictly.

sıkıl– /A/ 1. – be embarrassed /to/, bored, annoyed /AT/, out of sorts, upset, bothered. 2. – have enough of. → canı sıkıl–.

sıkıntı embarrassment, boredom.

sıkıntı duy– – be embarrassed, feel boredom.

sıkışık hard up, pressed (for money).

sıra point (in time), moment, time. → ara sıra, bu sırada, o sırada, peşi sıra.

sırası gel– for the time for sth to come.

sıva– – roll up (sleeves). → kolları / kollarını sıva–.

sigara cigarette.

sil– – wipe.

sinema (..’.) movies.

sinir nerve.

sinirlen– – get angry, upset.

sinirli angry.

sinirli bir şekilde angrily (lit. in an angry way).

sipariş (.-.) (an) order (for goods).

soba (.’.) stove (for heating).

sofra dining table.

soğuk cold.

sok– /A/ – put sth /in/, insert sth /INTO/.

sokak street. → ara sokak, yan sokak.

sokağa çık– /için/ – go out /for/ (a purpose, a destination) (lit. – go out to the street).

sokak başı the head of a street (where a street joins another).

sokak kapısı front door (door onto the street).

sol– – fade, lose color.

soluk pale.

son 1. end. 2. last. → hafta sonu.

son defa for the last time.

son derece extremely.

son olarak finally.

son ver– /A/ – end, bring an end /to/.

sonunda finally, at the end of.

sonra (.’.) 1. later, afterwards, then. 2. /DAn/ after. 3. and what’s more. biraz sonra, bir müddet sonra, bundan sonra, daha sonra, neden sonra, ondan sonra, öğleden sonra.

sonradan (.’..) afterwards, later.

sonrası the result, what follows.

sonuç, -cu result.

(bir işi) sonuca bağla– – settle (a matter), wrap up (a matter) (lit. – tie [a matter] to a result).

sonuç ver– – produce a result, bear fruit.

sonuçlan– – end, turn out.

sonunda son.

sor– /A/ – ask /Ø/ sb sth. → fikrini sor–.

soru question.

sosyal social.

soy family, race.

soyun– – get undressed, undress (oneself).

söyle– – say; /A/ – say sth /to/ sb, tell /Ø/ sb sth. lâf söyle–.

söz 1. word, utterance. 2. word, promise.

söz et– /DAn/ – speak /about/, talk /about/.

söz tut– – keep one’s word, promise.

söz ver– /A/ – promise /Ø/ sb, give one’s word /to/.

sözden dön– – go back on one’s promises.

steno (.’.) stenography, shorthand.

sual, -li (.-) question.

suç fault.

suçlu guilty.

suçlu gör– – consider guilty, feel guilty, regard guilty.

surat, -tı face (used derogatorily).

suratı asıl– – put on a sour face (lit. for one’s face to be hung).

suratsız sourpuss (lit. faceless).

sus– – keep silent, not to say anything.

sünger sponge.

süpür– - sweep.

sür– 1. – last, take time. 2. – put forward, advance, set forth (ideas, excuses). → ileri sür–, uzun sür–.

süre period (of time).

sürgün exile.

sürgüne git– – go into exile.

sürpriz surprise.

sürü set, bunch, series, flock.

Ş

Top A B C Ç D E F G Ğ H I İ J K L M N O Ö P R S Ş T U Ü V Y Z

şahane (- -.) splendid, magnificent.

şaka joke, kidding.

şaka maka without even being aware of it, without even having considered it seriously, and before we even knew it.

şaka yollu in a joking manner, by way of a joke, as a joke.

şans chance.

şart condition.

şaş– /A/ – be surprised /AT/.

şaşır– 1. – be bewildered, taken aback, – not know what to say, how to react. 2. – be surprised.

şaşırt– – surprise, stun, catch off guard.

şaşkın stunned, perplexed.

şaşkına dön– – be stunned, utterly bewildered.

şaşkınlık surprise, shock.

şehir, -ri city.

şeker 1. sugar, candy. 2. sweetie (for a person).

şekil, -kli 1. shape, form. 2. way, manner.

şekilde in a certain way, manner. → bu şekilde, her ne şekilde olursa olsun, hiç bir şekilde, laubâli bir şekilde, normal şekilde, o şekilde, sinirli bir şekilde.

şeref honor, health (in toasts). → aile şerefi.

şerit strip (of material), band.

şey 1. thing, object. 2. er..., well, but, that is... (expresses hesitation and gives the speaker a moment to think). → aynı şey, çok şey, herşey / her şey, herhangi bir şey, hiç bir şey.

şık -kı elegant, stylish.

şırıltı splashing (of rain).

şırraak crash! (the sound of a breaking glass).

şiddet, -ti force, strength.

şikayet, -ti (.-.) /DAn/ complaining /OF/about/, complaint /about/.

şikayet et– /DAn/ – complain /of/about/.

şimdi (.’.) now, just now, right away.

şimdiden (.’..) right now.

şimdilik (.’..) for the time being, at present.

şimdiye kadar up to now, so far.

Şişli Şişli (A residential section of Istanbul for many years occupied by a trading middle class composed of Jews, Greeks, and Armenians as well as Turks and migrants from former Ottoman lands in Greece and the Balkans.) 

şoför driver.

şöyle (.’.) like this, like that, this way, here, over here.

şu, -nu this, that.

şu anda at this moment.

şura (.’.) this place, that place, here, there.

şurada (.’..) there, in or at that place; here, in this place (position).

şuradan (.’..) from here, from this place (motion away from).

şükür, -krü /A/ 1. gratitude. 2. thank /Ø/ God, thanks be /to/ God. → çok şükür.

şükürler olsun thanks be (to God).

şüphe doubt.

T

Top A B C Ç D E F G Ğ H I İ J K L M N O Ö P R S Ş T U Ü V Y Z

tabanca (..’.) pistol.

tabii (.’ -) of course.

tahammül bearing, enduring, putting up with, taking.

tahammül et– /A/ – put up /with/, bear /Ø/, take /Ø/, endure /Ø/.

tahmin guess, conjecture, thought.

tahmin et– 1. – imagine, think. 2. – guess, suspect.

tahsil education.

tahsil yap– – be educated.

tahta board, plank.

tahta parçası piece of board.

tak tak knock knock (the sound of a loose board flapping in the wind).

takdir (.-) appreciation.

takıl– /A/ 1. – fix /on/. 2. – tease /Ø/. → aklı takıl–.

takım set (of items).

takırtı knocking sound, rattling.

taksi taxi. 

Taksim Taksim (The area around Taksim square, the heart of modern Istanbul, it is a center of public transportation, business, hotels, and entertainment.)

talebe student, pupil, schoolboy. → okul talebesi.

talebelik studenthood, student years.

talih (-.) fate.

talihsiz (-..) unlucky, unfortunate.

tam 1. exactly, just, a whole … 2. just (when) …. 

tam zamanında at just the right time.

Tamam. OK. / That’s it.

tamamla– – complete, finish.

tane (-.) a single unit of a thing, item, piece (usually left untranslated).

tanı– 1. – know, be familiar with. 2. – recognize.

tanıdık acquaintance, a person one knows, is acquainted with.

tanış– /lA/ – meet /Ø/ sb, get acquainted /with/, be acquainted /with/ each other, know one another.

tanıştır– /lA/ – introduce (one person) /to/ (another).

tanıt– /I/ – introduce.

Tanrı God. 

Tanrım Dear God. / My God.

tansiyon blood pressure.

taraf 1. direction, side. 2. aspect. 3. part, portion. → üst tarafı.

tarif (-.) description.

tarif et– – describe.

tarz manner, way. → düşünce tarzı.

tasarla– – plan.

tasnif classification.

tasnif et– – classify.

taşın– /A/ – move /to/ (a new residence, place of business).

tatar Tatar.

tatil (-.) holiday.

tat 1. flavor, taste. 2. sweetness. 3. pleasure.

tatlı sweet, dear, charming, lovely.

tatsız unpleasant, disagreeable.

tatsızlık unpleasantness.

tebrik, -ki congratulating, congratulations.

tebrik et– – congratulate.

tecrübe experience.

tefek ufak tefek.

tek 1. only, single. 2. (with the conditional) if only.

teklif proposal; offer; suggestion.

teklif et– /A/ – propose, suggest /to/.

teklifte bulun– /A/ – propose, suggest /to/ (lit. – be in a suggestion, proposal).

tekrar again.

tekrar ara– – call back (on the telephone).

tekrar tekrar again and again.

telefon phone, telephone.

telefon çal– (for the telephone) – ring.

telefon et– /A/ – telephone /to/, make a telephone call /to/.

telefonu bağla– /A/ – put a call through /to/.

telefonu kapat– – hang up.

tembel lazy.

tembellik laziness.

temiz 1. clean. 2. morally upright, honorable.

tenbih a firm order.

tenbih et– /için/ – give firm orders /for/.

tenkit, -ti criticizing, criticism.

tenkit et– – criticize.

tepki reaction, response.

tepki göster– – react.

ter sweat, persperation.

terket– – leave, abandon.

terlik slipper.

tesbit, -ti determining, determination.

teselli (..-) consolation.

teselli edici consoling.

tesir (-.) effect, influence.

teslim turning over to, delivery.

teslim edil– /A/ – be turned over /to/, be delivered /to/.

teşekkür /A/ thanking, thanks /for/.

teşekkür et– /A/ – thank /Ø/ sb.

Teşekkür ederim. Thank you. (lit. I thank you.)

Teşekkür ederiz. Thank you. (lit. We thank you.)

Teşekkürler. Thanks.

Teşvikiye. Teşvikiye (a neighborhood of the Şişli district of Istanbul and a part of the Nişantaşı quarter, one of the wealthiest quarters of Istanbul.) 

tetkik, -ki examining, examination.

teyze (.’.) maternal aunt (also a title of respect for an older woman).

tez quick, speedy.

tezi yok /DAn/ right away, at once (lit. there is nothing quicker /than/ ...).

tıkırdat– /I/ – knock on (door, etc.).

tıklım tıklım (..’ ..) /lA/ thronging /with/, packed, crowded, jammed /with/.

tırman– – climb up, ascend.

ticaret, -ti (.-.) business, trade.

ticaret yap– – carry on business, do business.

tik tak tick tock.

titiz careful, meticulous, precise.

titre– 1. – tremble. 2. /üstüne/ – dote /ON/.

tok, -ku full (stomach). → karnı tok.

tomar roll (of bills, paper).

ton ton sweetheart, dear (old person or child).

topar apar topar.

toparla– – collect, pull oneself together.

topla– 1. – gather, collect. 2. – straighten up. → aklını başına topla–.

toplum society.

torba bag.

torpido (..’.) torpedo boat.

torpido gözü glove compartment.

toy inexperienced, green.

tören ceremony, party. → nişan töreni.

trafik traffic.

tren railroad train.

tren saati the hour of the train’s departure.

trikotaj knitting by machine.

Tuu! Darn! / Damn!

tuhaf odd, strange. → bir tuhaf.

tuhaf gel– /A/ – seem strange /to/.

tuhafına git– /A/ – strike /Ø/ sb as odd/strange.

tut– 1. – hold, grip. 2. /DAn/ – take hold of /by/ (arm, hand). 3. – hold back (tears). 4. – keep (promise). 5. /DAn/ – rent (apartment, etc.) /from/. 6. – be in accord with, jibe with, be the same as. 7. – set out on (a road). 8. – take (a course of action). → aynen tut–, kolundan tut–, söz tut–.

tutul– /A/ – fall in love /with/, fall /for/ sb.

tutum 1. behavior, conduct. 2. attitude.

tutuştur– /A/ – suddenly press sth /into/, thrust sth /into/.

türlü various, different kinds of, all kinds of. → başka türlü, bir türlü, her türlü.

tüt– – smoke, give off smoke. → burnunda tüt–.

U

Top A B C Ç D E F G Ğ H I İ J K L M N O Ö P R S Ş T U Ü V Y Z

uçak airplane.

ufak small, little.

ufak tefek little, insignificant, trifling.

uğra– /A/ – stop in /at/, stop /by/, drop /by/, drop in /AT/.

uğraş– 1. – struggle, work hard. 2. /lA/ – deal /with/, put up /with/.

uğultu howling (of wind).

uğurla– – see see sb off on a journey, wish a departing traveler a safe journey or Godspeed.

um–, ar 1. – hope. 2. – expect.

umut hope.

unut– – forget.

uyan– – wake up, awake.

uyandır– – wake sb up, awake sb.

uydur– – make up (out of whole cloth), invent.

uydurma cooked-up, invented.

uygun /A/ proper, suitable /for/, appropriate /to/.

uygun bul– – find proper, suitable.

uygun gör– – regard as suitable, appropriate, right.

uyku 1. sleep. 2. sleepiness. → gözüne uyku girme–.

uykusuz sleepless.

uykuya dal– – drop off to sleep.

uyu– 1. – sleep. 2. – go to sleep, get to sleep, fall asleep.

uyut– – put to sleep.

uzak 1. far. 2. a far-away place.

uzaklara git– – go to far away places.

uzaklaş– /DAn/ – move off, recede, go away /from/.

uzaklaştır– /DAn/ – drive sb or sth away /from/.

uzan– /A/ – stretch oneself out /on/ (bed, etc.).

uzat– 1. – drag out, procrastinate. 2. /A/ – hold out /to/. 3. – stretch out (hand, arm).

uzun 1. tall (stature). 2. long (time, period). 3. a long time (to last).

uzun boylu tall, of tall stature.

uzun müddet for a long time.

uzun seneler / uzun yıllar for years, in years.

uzun sür– – last a long time, take quite a while.

uzun zamandır for a long time.

Ü

Top A B C Ç D E F G Ğ H I İ J K L M N O Ö P R S Ş T U Ü V Y Z

üç three.

üç beş three or four, a few (an expression of approximation, lit. three five).

ümit hope.

ürperti shivering, shuddering.

üst, -tü 1. top, upper surface. 2. rest, remainder. 3. at, about (a certain time). → akşam üstü.

üst tarafı the rest of, the remainder of.

üstüne on, over.

üstelik 1. not only that, on top of that. 2. especially.

üvey, -i / -si step- (mother, etc.).

üz– – upset, make sb upset, worry, annoy.

üzere 1. /—mAk/ (just) about to, on the point of. 2. /—mAk/ to, in order to, intending to.

üzeri, -ni 1. upper surface, top.

üzerinde on, upon (position).

üzerinde dur– – dwell on, insist on (problem, matter).

üzerinde durul– – be dwelt upon (problem, matter).

üzerine on, upon, (pass sth) over (the surface of), to.

üzerine çek– – pass sth over sth.

üzerine düş– (for a duty) – fall to sb.

üzgün sorry.

üzücü upsetting, distressing, disturbing (from the verb üz–).

üzül– /A/ – be upset, sorry /ABOUT/, – worry, upset oneself.

üzüntü distress, anxiety, worry, care.

üzüntü çek– – endure worry.

üzüntü duy– /DAn/ – regret, feel sorry /because of/over/.

V

Top A B C Ç D E F G Ğ H I İ J K L M N O Ö P R S Ş T U Ü V Y Z

Vaay My, my!

vagon car (of a train).

Vah vah. Oh dear, oh dear.

vaki, -ii (-.) sth that has been done, what has happened.

vakit, -kti time. → akşam vakti, geç vakit, hali vakti yerinde.

vakti ol– – have enough time (lit. for one’s time to be).

vaktiyle at one time.

vallahi (.’-.) by God!, I swear to God.

var 1. existing, existent. 2. present, available. 3. have (used with a noun with a possessed suffix, e.g. Adamın parası var. The man has money.).

var–, ır /A/ – reach /Ø/, arrive /AT/, come /to/. → farkına var–, karara var–.

vasıta (-..) means of transportation.

vay (an expression of surprise).

Vay canına! That’s incredible!

vaz geç– / vazgeç– (.’.) /DAn/ – give up /Ø/ (idea, plan, etc.).

vazgeçir– /DAn/ – get or cause sb to give up /Ø/ (idea, etc.).

vazife (.-.) duty, responsibility.

vaziyet, -ti matter, situation.

vefat, -tı (.-) death, passing.

vefat et– – die, pass away, depart this life.

ver–, ir 1. – give. 2. – pay. 3. – offer. anlam ver–, borç ver–, cesaret ver–, cevap ver–, değer ver–, fikir ver–, haber ver–, hak ver–, hesap ver–, izahat ver–, karar ver–, kolaylık ver–, kulak ver–, mâna ver–, okula ver–, son ver–, sonuç ver–, söz ver–, yüz ver–.

veriş giving, selling alış veriş.

vesikalık (.-..) suitable for an official document or certificate.

vucut vücut.

vur–, ur 1. – slam (the door). 2. – hit (the sack). baş vur–, kafayı vurup yat–, kapıyı vurup çık–.

vurdum duymaz callous, insensitive.

vurul– 1. – be knocked on. 2. – be struck, dumbfounded. → kapı vurul–.

vücut / vucut, -du body (of a person or animal).

Y

Top A B C Ç D E F G Ğ H I İ J K L M N O Ö P R S Ş T U Ü V Y Z

Ya. (-) 1. Oh! / Oh my! / Well, well. / Really?! (expresses strong emotion, especially exasperation). 2. (emphasizes a rhetorical question). 3. you know, you remember. 4. you know very well (emphasizes a statement). 5. what if. 6. yes, I know, I see, you’re right. 8. guess what.

Ya Rabbim! My God! / Oh my God.

Yaa!.. (-) (an expression of surprise) Oh! / Really?! / Aha. / Oh my goodness! / Yes, really.

ya da or, (with negative) neither.

yabancı 1. foreign. 2. a stranger, foreigner. 3. unfamiliar, strange.

yabancı gel– – seem unfamiliar.

yağmur rain.

yahu (-‘.) for heaven’s sake! My! (for emphasis).

yak– – light (stove), light up (cigarette).

yakın /A/ 1. near /Ø/, close /to/ (position and personal relationship). 2. nearly, almost.

yakında 1. nearby, close. 2. soon, in the near future.

yakındaki adj. nearby.

yakış– /A/ – be appropriate /for/, – suit /Ø/.

yakışıklı handsome, good-looking.

yakıştır– /A/ – get sth to feel right /to/.

yaklaş– /A/ – approach /Ø/, come up /to/, come close /to/, get close /to/.

yalnız 1. alone, by oneself. 2. (.’.) only. 3. just. 4. but (here indicating that additional information is coming).

yalnız başına alone, by himself.

yalnız başıma alone, by myself.

yalnız kal– – be alone, remain alone.

yalnızlık loneliness.

yalnızlık duy– – feel lonely, feel loneliness.

yaman fantastic, wonderful.

yan side. → bu yana, bundan yana.

yan sokak side street.

yanı başında alongside.

yan– – burn.

yanak cheek (part of the face).

yanaş– /A/ – get closer /to/, draw up alongside of, pull up /to/.

yandaki adj. side, at his side, at the side of.

yanı başında yan

yanıl– – be mistaken, be wrong.

yani (-‘.) that is to say, I mean, I meant to say, you mean, in other words, i.e.

yanlış 1. wrong, mistaken, false. 2. incorrectly, wrong.

yanlış adım at– – take a false step.

yanlış anla– – misunderstand.

yanlış duy– – hear wrong.

yanlış hatırla– – remember incorrectly.

yanlışlık mistake, error.

yap– 1. – do. 2. – make. 3. – earn, make (money). 4. – carry out. 5. – bring sb or sth to a certain state or condition. → arıza yap–, etki yap–, izin yap–, mesele yap–, müdafaasını yap–, müracaatını yap–, para yap–, tahsil yap–, ticaret yap–.

yapıl– – be done.

yaprak page, leaf (of a book).

yara– /A/ – be of use /for/.

yaralı hurt, wounded.

yaramaz 1. good-for-nothing. 2. naughty. 3. rascal.

yaramazlık misbehaving, misbehavior, bad behavior, naughtiness.

yaramazlık et– misbehave, be naughty.

yarat– – create.

yaratık creature.

yardım help, assistance.

yardım et– /A/ – help /Ø/, assist /Ø/.

yardımcı 1. helper, assistant. 2. helpful.

yardımda bulun– /A/ – be of help, assistance /to/, – help /Ø/, assist /Ø/.

yarı half of, mid-.

yarım half.

yarın (.’.) tomorrow.

yarın akşam tomorrow evening.

yarın sabah tomorrow morning.

yarış contest, race. → gösteriş yarışı.

yasla– /A/ – rest sth /IN/ /against/ sth.

yastık pillow.

1. yaş tears. → göz yaşları.

2. yaş age.

yaşa– – live.

yaşam way of life, life.

yaşayış way of life, how one lives, life. → günlük yaşayış.

yaşlan– – grow old, age.

1. yaşlı teary.

2. yaşlı old.

yat– /A/ 1. – go to bed, lay, lie down /ON/. 2. – agree /to/, accept /Ø/. → aklı yat–, kafayı vurup yat–.

yatak bed.

yatılı boarding (school, student).

yatır– 1. – put to bed. 2. /A/ – deposit (money, etc.) /IN/.

yavaş 1. slow. 2. slowly.

yavaş yavaş 1. slowly. 2. gradually, bit by bit.

yavaşca (..’.) slowly.

yavru young animal.

yavrum my dear (affectionate form of address).

yaz summer.

yaz– – write.

yazdır– – register sb /IN/, – have sb’s name written /IN/ (a register, etc.).

yazı 1. writing (the activity). 2. piece of writing. → alın yazısı.

yazı makinesi typewriter.

yazık (a) pity, (a) shame. → ne yazık ki.

yazılı with writing on it, having writing on it, inscribed.

yazma writing, ability to write. okuma yazma.

ye– – eat.

Yediği naneye bak Look at what he’s gotten himself into (lit. look at the mint he’s eaten).

yedi seven.

yemek 1. food. 2. meal.

yemeğe çık– – go out for a meal.

yeni 1. new. 2. just, just now, for the first time, newly.

yeniden (.’..) anew, over again, fresh.

yepyeni (.’..) completely new, entirely new, brand-new.

yer 1. place, spot. 2. the floor, the ground. → boş yere, hali vakti yerinde, her yerde, hiç bir yer.

yerinden fırla– – leap up (lit. from one’s place).

yerinden kalk– – get up (lit. from one’s place).

yerine getir– – carry out (a request, etc.).

yerleştir– /A/ – put sth /Ø/ somewhere.

yersiz inappropriate, groundless.

yersiz bul– – find out of place, inappropriate.

yet– 1. – be enough, suffice. 2. /A/ – reach /Ø/. 

yeter ki it’s enough that, all that matters is that.

yetiş– 1. /A/ – reach (a place). 2. - attain (a certain level of accomplishment). 3. – be educated.

yetişkin growing (here refers to the ages of children who have reached an age beyond young childhood, are not very young but not fully grown).

yığıl– /A/ – collapse /INTO/ (chair, etc.).

yık– – destroy.

yıka– – wash.

yıpran– /lA/ ( for sth or sb) – be worn down /by/.

yırtıl– (for sth) – be torn.

yıl year.

yıl başı the first of the year.

yıllarca for years.

yine again.

yine de nevertheless.

yirmi twenty.

Yo. (-) No.

yok, -ku / -ğu 1. not existing, nonexistent. 2. not present, absent, not available. 3. not have (used with a noun with a possessed suffix, e.g. -sI yok: Adamın parası yok. The man doesn’t have any money.) 4. no (a negative reply).

Yok canım. No way! / By no means! / Oh no, not at all. / Of course not.

yok et– – destroy.

yokluk absence.

yoksa (.’.) 1. or. 2. so, so then, so is it that, well then, could it be that...?

yokuş upward slope.

yol 1. way, road, path. 2. manner, means, approach. 3. purpose. → bu yolda, çıkar yol, gözü yolda kal–, sahil yolu.

yol boyunca on the way, along the way.

yol göster– – show the way, guide.

yol kenarı the side of the road, the curb.

yola çık– – set out (on the road).

yola koyul– /A/ – set out /for/.

yolcu traveler, passenger.

yolla– /A/ – send /to/.

yollu by way of, as. → şaka yollu.

Yolun / Yolunuz açık olsun. Have a good trip.

yoluna gir– – turn out alright, work out.

yoluna koy– – set (a matter) on its way, arrange things.

yoo no, not at all (as a negative response; a more emphatic form of yo).

yor– – tire. → çenesini yor–.

yorgun tired.

yorgun argın dead tired.

yorgunluk tiredness, fatigue.

yorgunluk kahvesi a cup of coffee drunk to revive one.

yorucu tiring. 

yorul– – get tired. 

yön side, aspect, point (for or against a position, argument).

yönel– /A/ – head /for/, make /for/.

yudum sip, swallow (of a drink).

yukarıda at the top.

yumurta egg.

yurt homeland.

yurt dışı abroad, outside the homeland.

yuva 1. nest. 2. home.

yuva kur– – establish a home and family.

yüklet– /A/ – have sth loaded /ONTO/ sth.

yüksek high.

yürek heart.

yürü– 1. /doğru/ – walk /toward/, head /for/. 2. – go forward, advance, (for a project) – work out.

yürüt– – run, manage (lit. – move sth forward).

1. yüz one hundred.

2. yüz face, surface.

yüz ver– /A/ – pay heed /to/.

3. yüz 1. cause, reason.

Z

Top A B C Ç D E F G Ğ H I İ J K L M N O Ö P R S Ş T U Ü V Y Z

zahmet, -ti trouble, inconvenience, difficulty.

zahmet et– /için/ – go to trouble /for/, take trouble, trouble oneself /for/.

zaman time. → başka zaman, bir zamanlar, bu kadar zaman(dır), bu zaman içinde, bu zamanda, her zaman, her zamanki gibi, hiç bir zaman, kısa zamanda, ne kadar zaman, ne zaman, o zaman, o zamanlar, o zamandan bu yana, tam zamanında, uzun zamandır.

zamanla with time, in time, with the passage of time.

zarafet zerafet.

zarf envelope (for a letter).

zarif elegant, refined.

zaten (-‘.) 1. anyway. 2. already. 3. in fact, as a matter of fact, in any case.

zavallı (.’..) poor, i.e. to be pitied, deserving of pity.

zavallılık (.’…) miserable condition.

zekâ (.-) intelligence, intellect.

zengin rich, wealthy.

zerafet usually zarafet, -ti (.-.) elegance, refinement, grace.

zevk, -ki good taste, discrimination.

zevkli pleasant, delightful.

zııırrn riiiing (sound of a doorbell).

zihin, -hni mind.

zihnini kurcala– – trouble one’s mind.

zil bell.

ziyan harm.

Ziyanı yok. No harm done.

ziyaret, -ti (.-.) visit. → konu komşu ziyareti.

ziyaretçi (.-..) visitor.

zor 1. force. 2. difficult, hard. 3. with difficulty, trouble, barely. 4. obligation, necessity.

zor gel– /A/ – be difficult /for/.

zorunda kal– – be left no choice but to do sth, be obliged to (do sth).

zorunda ol– – have to, be obliged to (do sth).

zorluk difficulty.

zorluk çek– – have trouble, difficulty.

zorlukla with difficulty.